(dimeric), and iotrolan (dimeric) at a dose of 4 g iodine/kg of body weight, mechanical ear volume measurements (10 minute after injection) and intravital microscopy (baseline, 5 minutes after injection) of the ear with the near-infrared dye indocyanine green were performed to determine the volume change and plasma extravasation. Histopathological analysis (20 minutes, 1 hour, and 3 hours after injection ) of MIP-1β (14; 6.3), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (3.3; 3.7), monocyte chemotactic protein-3 (2.4; 3.0), stem cell factor (1.7; 2), vascular endothelial growth factor (2; 2.1), and interferon gamma-induced protein-10 (4.1; 39.1) were identified 1 hour and 3 hours after the iodixanol administration, respectively. The level of these molecules remained unchanged after the iopromide and iotrolan
was inserted in 90 patients, and predicted catheter tip position was recorded. The analgesic area was determined by pinprick after a 5-ml injection of 1.5% lidocaine, and epidurography was performed after a 5-ml injection of 240 mg I/ml iotrolan. Patients were assigned to three groups according to catheter tip position (group C: C-T4; group T: T5-T10; group L: T11-L), and patterns of spread were compared . In 16 of 90 subjects, radiographic and analgesic spread was further investigated after an additional 5-ml injection of iotrolan and lidocaine. The total radiographic spread correlated well with analgesic spread (right side: Y = 0.84 X + 0.16, r = 0.92, P < 0.01; left side: Y = 0.78 X + 0.45, r = 0.91, P < 0.01). The mean radiographic spread in the cephalad and caudal directions from the catheter tip
Iotrolan. The first dimeric non-ionic contrast medium for the subarachnoid space. Iotrolan was administered to 1400 in-patients and out-patients by intrathecal injection within the framework of the clinical investigation. It was used for studies of the lumbar, thoracic, cervical and intracranial areas. It was compared with metrizamide, iopamidol and iohexol in concentrations of 190, 240 and 300 mg I/ml in controlled double-blind trials. The minimum observation periods were four days including the investigation of clinicochemical, cardiovascular and electroencephalographic parameters, and CT. The incidence and severity of all side effects after Iotrolan were much lower than those after the non-ionic monomers. No epileptogenic incidents or symptoms of a psychosyndrome were observed in any
Initial experience with a nonionic, dimeric contrast medium (iotrolan) in direct and indirect arteriography: a randomized, intraindividual double-blind study in 60 patients. The new isotonic contrast medium iotrolan has been compared with iopromide in aortofemoral arteriography, selective femoral arteriography, and intravenous digital substraction angiography (DSA). In each case a crossover study design has been chosen with special emphasis on patient comfort. Despite problems in the interpretation of results due to a "hangover" effect in selective peripheral arteriography, it may be concluded: (1) Iotrolan causes significantly less discomfort, such as the feeling of heat and most likely also pain, than iopromide. However, one patient reported slight pain after the injection of iotrolan even
Tolerance of iotrolan 190 and cerebrospinal fluid-diluted iotrolan 300 at the same iodine concentration in lumbar myelography. Iotrolan, the radiologically effective ingredient of the contrast medium Isovist, has so little osmotic activity that only solutions of about 300 mg I/ml are isotonic to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The osmolality of the contrast medium at lower iodine concentrations has to be increased through additives. Theoretically, iotrolan 300 diluted with CSF is the most physiologic. Therefore, the commercial preparation iotrolan 190 (adaptation of the osmolality through the addition of saline and sodium bicarbonate) was tested in a randomized, single-blind study against a diluted contrast medium solution, iotrolan 190 (produced from iotrolan 300). The dilution was performed
Iotrolan versus iopamidol: a controlled, multicenter, double-blind study of lumbar and direct cervical myelography. Iotrolan is a new nonionic, dimeric contrast medium that is distinguished by its special physicochemical and low chemotoxic properties. It displays near isotonicity with blood and cerebrospinal fluid in all clinically used concentrations (190, 240, and 300 mg I/ml). The controlled , double-blind study of iotrolan versus iopamidol presented here shows that iotrolan is significantly superior to the monomeric contrast medium in lumbar and direct cervical myelography. Use of the dimeric contrast medium reduced not only the incidence of side effects, but also their severity and duration. The chemotoxicity of contrast media commonly used was significantly less with iotrolan in all
Urography with monomeric and dimeric nonionic contrast media: comparative, randomized, double-blind study of iotrolan 280 and iopromide 300. In a double-blind comparative study between the nonionic, dimeric iotrolan and the nonionic, monomeric iopromide the urographic image quality in the dose 300 mg I/kg body weight is better after iopromide up to 20 minutes after the injection. This result
Hysterosalpingography with a new contrast medium. This article reports on the use of iotrolan--a new contrast medium and the first dimeric, nonionic, hexaiodinated, water-soluble preparation--in hysterosalpingography. This randomized, double-blind study compared an ionic and a nonionic monomeric preparation. The better results were achieved with iotrolan. Its unusual lack of local irritation
A prospective comparison of iotrolan and iohexol in lumbar myelography. In a double-blind study 238 patients were examined with lumbar myelography using iotrolan or iohexol in randomized sequence in order to evaluate the image quality, the safety and tolerance of iotrolan by monitoring the adverse effects with special attention to late reactions. There were no serious complications. On the first day 28 patients (24%) had headache after iotrolan and 41 (34%) after iohexol. This difference was not significant, and these frequencies are similar to those found after spinal puncture alone. The second most frequent side effect was neck pain; the duration of neck pain were significantly longer after myelography with iohexol than with iotrolan. There was a significantly higher frequency of adverse
[Iotrolan versus iopamidol. A controlled double-blind study with lumbar myelography]. Within the frame work of lumbar myelography, 158 patients were entered in a double-blind study in order to test a dimeric contrast medium (iotrolan) against a monomeric one (iopamidol), both of them non-ionic. A three-step scheme was applied to evaluate the X-ray pictures with respect to contrast quality . Particular attention was paid to the visibility of details, i.e. the nerve root and its course, as well as to how well it could be distinguished in the nerve root sheath. On the basis of a high level of significance (P less than 0.05), comparison of the two contrast media showed no difference in contrast quality. Sixty-nine percent of the examinations using iotrolan resulted in excellent contrast quality
A comparison of a conventional non-ionic contrast medium (iohexol) alone and with adrenaline and an iso-osmolar non-ionic contrast medium (iotrolan) in computed tomographic arthrography of the shoulder. The physico-chemical properties of the iso-osmolar dimeric contrast medium iotrolan offers potential advantages in computed tomographic arthrography (CTA). A trial was undertaken comparing iotrolan with iohexol to assess if these theoretical benefits produced an increase in the measured densities in a series of shoulder CTAs. The results showed that iotrolan did produce clinically useful increases in density when compared to a monomeric non-ionic contrast medium. The addition of adrenaline to the monomeric contrast medium produced a significant improvement in the computed tomography
[Iotrolan-300 versus Iopamidol-300 in hysterosalpingography]. From 9.1988 to 7.1989 we carried out on 50 patients at the Department of Gynaecology of the University of Freiburg a randomized double-blind study to compare the first dimeric, nonionic, hexaiodinated, water-soluble contrast agent (Iotrolan-300 corresponding to Isovist-300) with a nonionic, monomeric preparation (Iopamidol-300 corresponding to Solutrast-300) using the concentration of 300 mg I/ml. Both medicaments show a high contrast quality in the X-rays. Complications like hypersensitivity reactions resp. actual local irritations were not recorded. Iotrolan-300 was found to be the best tolerated of the two contrast media in respect of mildest intensity of pain.
A comparison between iotrolan, a non-ionic dimer, and a hyperosmolar contrast medium, Urografin, in hysterosalpingography. For hysterosalpingography, there were no significant differences between the non-ionic dimeric contrast medium iotrolan (300 mgI/%) and Urografin (370 mgI/%) with regard to ease of application or radiographic quality, and both agents were equally suitable. There were no significant differences between two groups of patients with regard to pain due to instrumentation, pain at the time of injection and pain up to 2 h after the procedure. There was a significant difference (p = 0.04) between the two groups with respect to delayed pain, when iotrolan was associated with a lower incidence and decreased severity of delayed pain. There were no differences in the incidence
Use of iotrolan versus ethiodized poppy-seed oil in hysterosalpingography. To compare use of the water-soluble, nonionic isosmolar dimer iotrolan with that of ethiodized poppy-seed oil in hysterosalpingography with regard to side effects, diagnostic quality, and postexamination conception rates. A prospective randomized design was used in a study of 245 patients. Questionnaires and patient , or postexamination bleeding. Visualization of the uterine cavity and ampullary rugae was markedly better with use of iotrolan. The postexamination conception rate was higher with use of ethiodized poppy-seed oil (24.0%) but was not significantly different statistically (P = .44) from that seen after use of iotrolan (19.8%). The authors believe the use of iotrolan is preferable to that of ethiodized poppy-seed oil.
(37 degrees C vs 21 degrees C) of the contrast medium (CM; iotrolan, Isovist) on the incidence of side effects of lumbar puncture for myelography. In a prospective randomized trial the incidence of complaints after lumbar puncture with intrathecal CM application was evaluated by the use of a 21-G pencil-point needle as modified by Sprotte compared to our usual 22-G needle with a Quincke bevel. Some
Organ-specific and general tolerance of iotrolan 280 after intravenous administration: phase I study in healthy volunteers. Iotrolan 280, the first water-soluble, nonionic, blood-isotonic, dimeric contrast medium, was administered intravenously to 12 healthy male volunteers. In a Phase I study with an intraindividual design in comparison with placebo, four doses between 0.15 and a maximum of 0.9 g I/kg body weight were administered in accordance with the principle of dose titration. The highest volume administered was 270.6 ml. The injection rate was 10 ml/min. The observation period was 5 days, with the exception of thyroid parameters (14 days). Iotrolan displayed good general and local tolerance. The typical side effects known from x-ray contrast media either did not occur or were minor
A prospective comparison of iotrolan, iohexol and iopamidol for lumbar myelography. The provisional results are presented of a comparative blind trial of iotrolan, iohexol and iopamidol for lumbar myelography. The aim of the trial was to assess the relative safety, tolerance and radiologic efficacy of the media. From the data available to date the incidence of side effects is similar for all three substances. Iotrolan does not provide specific imaging advantages.
inhibitors on renal tolerance. NIR-RS was used to measure total hemoglobin, oxygenated hemoglobin and tissue oxygen saturation in the renal cortex of rats and the effect of diatrizoate, iopromide and iotrolan injected at 1 g iodine/kg alone or together with the prostacyclin derivative, iloprost, or the phosphodiesterase inhibitors, rolipram and mesopram, on these parameters. Injection of the contrast media