Multi-antigen serology and a diagnostic algorithm for the detection of arbovirus infections as novel tools for arbovirus preparedness in southeast Europe (MERMAIDS-ARBO): a prospective observational study. Arboviruses are increasingly affecting Europe, partly due to the effects of climate change. This increase in range and impact emphasises the need to improve preparedness for emerging arboviral infections that often co-circulate and might have overlapping clinical syndromes. We aimed to strengthen surveillance networks for four clinically relevant arboviruses in southeast Europe. This study reports an in-depth analysis of the MERMAIDS-ARBO prospective observational study in adults (ie, aged ≥18 years) hospitalised with an arbovirus-compatible disease syndrome in 21 hospitals in seven countries
Prevalence, clinical management, and outcomes of adults hospitalised with endemic arbovirus illness in southeast Europe (MERMAIDS-ARBO): a prospective observational study. Arboviruses have expanded into new regions in Europe, yet data indicate gaps in disease notifications and a risk of further spread. We aimed to report on prevalence, clinical management, and outcomes of endemic arbovirus infections in southeast Europe. In this prospective observational study (MERMAIDS-ARBO), we enrolled adults (age ≥18 years) hospitalised with an arbovirus-compatible disease syndrome within 21 days of symptom onset across 21 hospitals in seven countries in southeast Europe over four arbovirus seasons (May 1-Oct 31, during 2016-19). We obtained data from case report forms completed by site investigators
Arbovirus exposure and subclinical myocardial dysfunction in an Indigenous population in Northeast Brazil: a cross-sectional study. Human activities, such as urbanization and climate change, have facilitated the spread of arbovirus-carrying vectors, disproportionately affecting vulnerable traditional Indigenous communities. To explore the relationships between subclinical myocardial dysfunction , assessed by global longitudinal strain (GLS), and comprehensive arbovirus serology in an Indigenous population, while also describing the serological and epidemiological profile of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses. This ancillary study is part of the first phase (2016-2017) of the Project of Atherosclerosis among Indigenous Populations (PAI), a cross-sectional study involving participants from two
Arbovirus Epidemics as Global Health Imperative, Africa, 2023. Arboviruses represent a major cause of illness in Africa and have the potential to trigger widespread epidemics. We present data on arbovirus epidemics in Africa in 2023 and demonstrate the need for global public health authorities to intensify efforts in the surveillance and control of arbovirus diseases. Data were collected from the World Health Organization Weekly Bulletin on Outbreaks and Other Emergencies, Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Weekly Event Based Surveillance Report, and other online sources. In 2023, a total of 7 arboviruses were responsible for 29 outbreaks across 25 countries in Africa, 22 of which occurred in West Africa; the outbreaks resulted in 19,569 confirmed cases and 820 deaths. Arbovirus
Dengue and Other Arbovirus Infections among Schoolchildren, Haiti, 2021. In 2021, we screened 91 children in Haiti with acute undifferentiated febrile illness for arbovirus infections. We identified a major outbreak of dengue virus type 2, with 67% of the children testing positive. Two others were positive for chikungunya East/Central/South African IIa subclade, and 2 were positive for Zika virus.
Quantifying heterogeneities in arbovirus transmission: Description of the rationale and methodology for a prospective longitudinal study of dengue and Zika virus transmission in Iquitos, Peru (2014-2019). Current knowledge of dengue virus (DENV) transmission provides only a partial understanding of a complex and dynamic system yielding a public health track record that has more failures than
Comparison of Aedes aegypti arbovirus transmission thresholds in two communities with differing water supply infrastructure. To assess whether the 'economic boom' in the tropical seaport city of Barranquilla improved tapped water supplies to socio-economically poor neighbourhoods resulting in: (1) their reduced use for domestic water-storage in large (> 1,000-litre) custom-made cement tanks which are their principal Aedes aegypti breeding sites and (2) their pupae/person index (PPI) values to below their established 0.5-1.5 PPI arbovirus transmission-threshold value, compared to matched neighbourhoods in the: (a) pre-economic boom (2004) period in Barranquilla and (b) economically-neglected seaport city of Buenaventura. The simple, accurate and robust water surface sweep-net/calibration
Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) diversity and arbovirus detection across an urban and agricultural landscape. Fragmented landscapes in Mexico, characterized by a mix of agricultural, urban, and native vegetation cover, presents unique ecological characteristics that shape the mosquito community composition and mosquito-borne diseases. The extent to which landscape influences mosquito populations and mosquito-borne diseases is still poorly understood. This work assessed the effect of landscape metrics -agriculture, urban, and native vegetation cover- on mosquito diversity and arbovirus presence in fragmented tropical deciduous forests in Central Mexico during 2021. Among the 21 mosquito species across six genera we identified, Culex quinquefasciatus was the most prevalent species, followed by Aedes
Oropouche Virus: An Emerging Neuroinvasive Arbovirus. Oropouche virus (OROV) is an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) in the Orthobunyavirus genus and Peribunyaviridae viral family that is endemic to parts of South America, Central America, and the Caribbean. It has recently emerged in Cuba, and travel-imported cases are recently being reported in the United States and Europe. Typically maintained
Arbovirus Ab ManualsLibraryEducationFoundation My CPDPMy Quick Links My RCPA Advanced SearchHomeEventsNews & MediaPathology CareersPathology UpdateAboutContact UsManuals RCPA Manual Pathology Tests A Arbovirus AbARBOVIRUS ABKeywords: Arbovirus antibodySPECIMEN: Acute and convalescent samples.5-10 mL blood in plain tube.METHOD: EIA, CFT, HAI, virus neutralisation.Direct viral detection by NAA is a useful method for detecting clinically relevant arbovirus infections, such as encephalitis.Antigen detection of NS1 is useful in acute Dengue diagnosis.REFERENCE INTERVAL: Method dependent - consult pathologist.APPLICATION: Selection of tests is determined by clinical features and geographical exposure - consult pathologist.Diagnosis of infections caused by Ross River, Dengue, Sindbis, Barmah Forest
Exploring the influence of competition on arbovirus invasion risk in communities. Arbovirus outbreaks in communities are affected by how vectors, hosts and non-competent species interact. In this study, we investigate how ecological interactions between species and epidemiological processes influence the invasion potential of a vector-borne disease. We use an eco-epidemiological model to explore
Introduction of invasive mosquito species into Europe and prospects for arbovirus transmission and vector control in an era of globalization. Mosquito research in Europe has a long history, primarily focused on malaria vectors. In recent years, invasive mosquito species like the Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) and the spread of arboviruses like dengue virus, chikungunya virus
Targeted indoor residual insecticide applications shift Aedes aegypti age structure and arbovirus transmission potential. While residual insecticide applications have the potential to decrease pathogen transmission by reducing the density of vectors and shifting the age structure of the adult mosquito population towards younger stages of development, this double entomological impact has not been to the control arm. Reduced survivorship also reduced the number of arbovirus transmitting females (those who survived the extrinsic incubation period). Our findings provide strong evidence of the full entomological impact of TIRS, with important implications for quantifying the epidemiological impact of vector control methods.
Spatiotemporal distribution of vector mosquito species and areas at risk for arbovirus transmission in Maricopa County, Arizona. Mosquito-borne diseases are a major global public health concern and mosquito surveillance systems are essential for the implementation of effective mosquito control strategies. The objective of our study is to determine the spatiotemporal distribution of vector
Comparison of Different Mosquito Traps for Zoonotic Arbovirus Vectors in Papua New Guinea. Vector surveillance is important to control mosquito-borne diseases. We compared the efficacies of three mosquito-trapping devices: the CDC light trap with incandescent light (CDC_I), the CDC light trap with ultraviolet light (CDC_UV), and the Biogents-sentinel (BG) trap, to identify a suitable and cost and exhibited the highest overall Culex mosquito capture rates compared with BG and CDC_l. This study represents the first assessment of trapping devices for zoonotic arbovirus vectors in PNG. We recommend the CDC _UV trap for future monitoring and surveillance of infectious arboviral vector programs in PNG.
Citywide Integrated Aedes aegypti Mosquito Surveillance as Early Warning System for Arbovirus Transmission, Brazil. Arbovirus epidemiology lacks efficient and timely surveillance systems with accurate outbreak alert signals. We devised a citywide integrated surveillance system combining entomologic, epidemiologic, and entomo-virologic data gathered during 2017-2020 in Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil. We
Arbovirus Antibody Seroprevalence in the Human Population from Cauca, Colombia. Several arboviruses have emerged or reemerged into the New World during the past several decades, causing outbreaks of significant proportion. In particular, the outbreaks of Dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus, and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) have been explosive and unpredictable, and have led to significant adverse health
Contrasting resistance patterns to type I and II pyrethroids in two major arbovirus vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in the Republic of the Congo, Central Africa. In the Republic of Congo, with two massive outbreaks of chikungunya observed this decade, little is known about the insecticide resistance profile of the two major arbovirus vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Here that both Aedes species were susceptible to organophosphates (temephos and fenitrothion), while for other insecticide classes tested the profile of resistance vary according to the population origin. These findings could help to implement better and efficient strategies to control these species in the Congo in the advent of future arbovirus outbreaks.
Imported Arbovirus Infections in Spain, 2009-2018. To determine the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of patients in Spain with imported arbovirus infections, we analyzed 22,655 records from a collaborative network for January 2009-December 2018. Among 861 arbovirus infections, 845 were monoinfections (456 [53%] dengue, 280 [32.5%] chikungunya, 109 [12.7%] Zika) and 16 (1.8%) were co -infections. Most patients were travelers (56.3%) or immigrants returning to Spain after visiting friends or relatives (31.3%). Median patient age was 37 years; most (62.3%) were women and some (28.6%) had received pretravel advice. Only 12 patients were immunosuppressed. Six cases (all dengue monoinfections, none in immunosuppressed patients) were severe. Since 2014, nondengue arbovirus infections
Emerging and Reemerging Aedes-Transmitted Arbovirus Infections in the Region of the Americas: Implications for Health Policy. The increasing geographical spread and disease incidence of arboviral infections are among the greatest public health concerns in the Americas. The region has observed an increasing trend in dengue incidence in the last decades, evolving from low to hyperendemicity. Yellow of the greatest global health crises in years. The inadequate arbovirus surveillance in the region and the lack of serologic tests to differentiate among viruses poses substantial challenges. The evidence for vector control interventions remains weak. Clinical management remains the mainstay of arboviral disease control. Currently, only yellow fever and dengue vaccines are licensed in the Americas, with several