"Carbofuran" from_date:2012

The pesticides carbofuran and picloram alter the diversity and abundance of soil microbial communities. Many countries widely use pesticides to increase crop productivity in agriculture. However, their excessive and indiscriminate use contaminates soil and other environments and affects edaphic microbial communities. We aimed to examine how the pesticides carbofuran and picloram affect the composition of soil microbial communities and the ecological interactions among them. Picloram exerted the strongest influence. Metabarcoding data analysis from soil microorganisms identified metabolic functions involved in resistance and degradation of contaminants, such as glutathione S-transferase. The results provided evidence that carbofuran and picloram shaped the soil microbial community. Future

Promising post-consumer PET-derived activated carbon electrode material for non-enzymatic electrochemical determination of carbofuran hydrolysate In this work, activated carbon (AC) materials, prepared from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste bottles were used as the sensing platform for the indirect detection of carbofuran. The morphology and surface properties of the PET-derived AC (PET-AC for the superior electrocatalytic activity on the detection of carbofuran phenol, where, the proposed sensor shows low detection limit (0.03 µM) and remarkable sensitivity (0.11 µA µM cm). The PET-AC/GCE holds high selectivity towards potentially interfering species. It also provides desirable stability, repeatability and reproducibility on detection of carbofuran phenol. Furthermore, the proposed sensor

Inhibition of the transforming growth factor-β/SMAD cascade mitigates the anti-neurogenic effects of the carbamate pesticide carbofuran The widely used carbamate pesticide carbofuran causes neurophysiological and neurobehavioral deficits in rodents and humans and therefore poses serious health hazards around the world. Previously, we reported that gestational carbofuran exposure has detrimental effects on hippocampal neurogenesis, the generation of new neurons from neural stem cells (NSC), in offspring. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms for carbofuran-impaired neurogenesis remain unknown. Herein, we observed that chronic carbofuran exposure from gestational day 7 to postnatal day 21 altered expression of genes and transcription factors and levels of proteins involved

Vitamin C acts as a hepatoprotectant in carbofuran treated rat liver slices in vitro Carbamates, most commonly used pesticides in agricultural practices, have been reported to produce free radicals causing deleterious effects in animals. The present study was designed to assess the carbofuran induced oxidative stress in rat liver slices and also to evaluate protective role of vitamin C by incubating them in Krebs-Ringer HEPES Buffer (KRHB) containing incubation media (Williams medium E (WME) supplemented with glucose and antibiotics) with different concentrations of carbofuran. The results demonstrated that carbofuran caused significant increase in lipid peroxidation and inhibition in the activity of hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) in concentration dependent manner. The data

Can Carbamates Undergo Radical Oxidation in the Soil Environment? A Case Study on Carbaryl and Carbofuran. Radical oxidation of carbamate insecticides, namely carbaryl and carbofuran, was investigated with spectroscopic (electron paramagnetic resonance [EPR] and UV-vis) and theoretical (density functional theory [DFT] and ab initio orbital-optimized spin-component scaled MP2 [OO-SCS-MP2 in the process. Hence, they are prone to participate in the prolongation step of the radical chain reactions occurring in the soil environment. Theoretical calculations revealed that from the thermodynamic point of view hydrogen atom transfer is the preferred mechanism in the reactions of the two carbamates with the radicals. The activity of carbofuran was determined experimentally (using pseudo-first-order

Engineering Pseudomonas putida KT2440 for simultaneous degradation of carbofuran and chlorpyrifos Currently, chlorpyrifos (CP) and carbofuran are often applied together to control major agricultural pests in many developing countries, in most cases, they are simultaneously detected in agricultural soils. Some cost-effective techniques are required for the remediation of combined pollution caused by multiple pesticides. In this work, we aim at constructing a detectable recombinant microorganism with the capacity to simultaneously degrade CP and carbofuran. To achieve this purpose, CP/carbofuran hydrolase genes and gfp were integrated into the chromosome of a biosafety strain Pseudomonas putida KT2440 using a chromosomal scarless modification strategy with upp as a counter-selectable marker

Curcumin Mediated Attenuation of Carbofuran Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Brain The indiscriminate use of carbofuran to improve crop productivity causes adverse effects in nontargets including mammalian systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate carbofuran induced oxidative stress in rat brain stem and its attenuation by curcumin, a herbal product. Out of 6 groups of rats, 2 groups received two different doses of carbofuran, that is, 15 and 30% of LD50, respectively, for 30 days. Out of these, 2 groups receiving same doses of carbofuran were pretreated with curcumin (100 mg/kg body weight). The levels of antioxidants, TBARS, GSH, SOD, catalase, and GST were determined in rat brain stem. The 2 remaining groups served as placebo and curcumin treated, respectively. The data suggested

Draft Genome Sequence of the Carbofuran-Mineralizing Novosphingobium sp. Strain KN65.2 Complete mineralization of the N-methylcarbamate insecticide carbofuran, including mineralization of the aromatic moiety, appears to be confined to sphingomonad isolates. Here, we report the first draft genome sequence of such a sphingomonad strain, i.e., Novosphingobium sp. KN65.2, isolated from carbofuran

In situ study of the photodegradation of carbofuran deposited on TiO2 film under UV light, using ATR-FTIR coupled to HS-MCR-ALS. The in situ study of the photodegradation of carbofuran deposited on a TiO2 catalyst film under UV light was carried out using the ATR-FTIR technique. The data were analyzed using a Hard-Soft Multivariate Curve Resolution-Alternating Least Squares (HS-MCR-ALS ) methodology. Using S-MCR-ALS, four factors were deduced from the evolving factor analysis of the data, and their concentrations and spectra were determined. These results were used to draw qualitative and quantitative analyses of the major products of carbofuran photodegradation. The results of this analysis were in good agreement with GC-MS results and with reported mechanisms. Hard-MCR-ALS was then used

Bentazone 347 Benzene 349 Beryllium 350 Boron 350 Bromate 351 Bromide 352 Brominated acetic acids 353 Cadmium 354 Carbaryl 355 Carbofuran 356 Carbon tetrachloride 356

, carbofuran, and carbaryl) were restricted. Subsequent outcomes have not been well described. To explore the association of pesticide bans with pesticide self-poisonings and in-hospital deaths. In this cross-sectional study with an interrupted time series design, data were prospectively collected on all patients with deliberate self-poisonings presenting to 10 Sri Lankan hospitals between March 31, 2002

In-Vitro Carbofuran Induced Genotoxicity in Human Lymphocytes and Its Mitigation by Vitamins C and E Various efforts have been made in past in order to predict the underlying mechanism of pesticide-induced toxicity using in vitro and animal models, however, these predictions may or may not be directly correlated with humans. The present study was designed to investigate the carbofuran induced genotoxicity and its amelioration by vitamins C and E by treating human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) with different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.25, 2.5, 3.75 and 5.0 μM) of this compound. The treatment of PBLs with carbofuran displayed significant DNA damage in concentration dependent manner. The carbofuran induced genotoxicity could be ameliorated to considerable extent by pretreatment of PBLs

In Vivo Contaminant Monitoring and Metabolomic Profiling in Plants Exposed to Carbamates via a Novel Microextraction Fiber. In this study, a biocompatible solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber with high-coverage capture capacity based on a nitrogen-rich porous polyaminal was developed. The fiber was used to track the bioaccumulation and elimination of carbamates (isoprocarb, carbofuran , and carbaryl) and their metabolites (-cumenol, carbofuran phenol, and 1-naphthalenol) in living Chinese cabbage plants ( L. ssp. (var. Tsen et Lee)). A case-and-control model was applied in the hydroponically cultured plants, with the exposed plant groups contaminated under three carbamates at 5 μg mL. Both bio-enrichment and elimination of carbamates and their metabolites in living plants appeared

concern in chlorinated water. However, there is a limited understanding about its formation, stability, and toxicity. Four carbamate insecticides (methomyl, carbofuran, carbaryl, and thiodicarb) were examined as DCMA precursors over a range of reaction conditions, based on variables of chlorine/precursor (Cl/P) molar ratio, pH, time, and temperature. DCMA was found to be the dominant volatile DBP

of pesticide residues in water samples. The RP-HPLC method described here •is a novel method which is applicable for simple, rapid and precise detection of pesticides.•40.02% of water samples were found contaminated with multi-residue pesticides.•carbofuran was the most abundant pesticide which was present in 18.18% samples.

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor insecticides related acute poisoning, availability and sales: trends during the post-insecticide-ban period of Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor insecticides (AChEIIs) were used extensively in the agrarian region of Anuradhapura for the past few decades. As a result, the region faced a heightened risk of toxicity. Carbaryl, carbofuran

coefficient and refractive index of the pesticides, chlorpyrifos, fipronil, carbofuran, dimethoate, methomyl, and thidiazuron are obtained in frequencies of 0.1⁻3.5 THz. To accurately describe the THz spectral characteristics of pesticides, the wavelet threshold de-noising (WTD) method with db 5 wavelet fucntion, 5-layer decomposition, and soft-threshold de-noising was used to eliminate the spectral noise . The spectral baseline correction (SBC) method based on asymmetric least squares smoothing was used to remove the baseline drift. Spectral results show that chlorpyrifo had three characteristic absorption peaks at 1.47, 1.93, and 2.73 THz. Fipronil showed three peaks at 0.76, 1.23, and 2.31 THz. Carbofuran showed two peaks at 2.72 and 3.06 THz. Dimethoate showed three peaks at 1.05, 1.89, and 2.92 THz

structures of simazine, monocrotophos, dimethoate, and acetamiprid were reproduced using various force fields. Subsequently, LB alignment rules were assessed and applied to determine the inter synaptic conformations of atrazine, propazine, carbofuran, carbaryl, tebufenozide, imidacloprid, diuron, monuron, and linuron. Afterwards, molecular docking and dynamics SB studies were performed on either AChE

Computational chemistry study of toxicity of some m-tolyl acetate derivatives insecticides and molecular design of structurally related products Molecular descriptors (including quantum chemical, topological and physicochemical descriptors) were calculated for five -tolyl derivatives insecticides [namely, carbosulfan (CBS), carbofuran (CBF), isoprocab (IFP), methiocarb (MTC) and isocarbophos