"Dynamic hyperinflation" from_date:2012

Cardiovascular effects of exercise induced dynamic hyperinflation in COPD patients-Dynamically hyperinflated and non-hyperinflated subgroups. An increase in respiratory rate and expiratory flow limitation can facilitate dynamic hyperinflation (DH), which may cause an element of the intrathoracic pressure in connection with the worsening of venous return, with negative effect on stroke volume (SV ) and cardiac output (CO). It has been unclassified, whether poor circulatory adaptation to exercise can be attributed to DH or poor cardio-vascular performance itself in COPD. Only a subset of COPD patients exhibit dynamic hyperinflation during exercise. We designed a study to show how lung mechanical and cardiovascular parameters change in hyperinflated and non-hyperinflated COPD patients during exercise

Effect of twice daily inhaled albuterol on cardiopulmonary exercise outcomes, dynamic hyperinflation, and symptoms in secondhand tobacco-exposed persons with preserved spirometry and air trapping: a randomized controlled trial. In tobacco-exposed persons with preserved spirometry (active smoking or secondhand smoke [SHS] exposure), air trapping can identify a subset with worse symptoms , dynamic hyperinflation, and oxygen-pulse (all P < 0.05), but no change in symptoms or physical activity. Albuterol may improve exercise capacity in the subgroup of SHS tobacco-exposed persons with preserved spirometry and substantial air trapping. These findings suggest that air trapping in pre-COPD may be related to small airway disease that is not considered significant by spirometric indices

Bisoprolol versus celiprolol on dynamic hyperinflation, cardiopulmonary exercise and domiciliary safety in COPD: a single-centre, randomised, crossover study. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is frequently associated with cardiovascular disease. The utility of beta-blockers for treating patients with COPD may be beneficial, but their safety remains uncertain, including worsening of dynamic hyperinflation (DH) during exercise. We hypothesised that among cardioselective beta-blockers celiprolol, due to its partial beta-2 agonist activity, may be safer than bisoprolol on exercise DH. We measured isotime inspiratory capacity (IC) during cycle endurance testing in eleven moderate-severe COPD subjects, alongside other non-invasive cardiopulmonary exercise, bioreactance cardiac output

Slow chest compression acutely reduces dynamic hyperinflation in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized cross-over trial. Strategies to minimize dynamic hyperinflation (DH) and dyspnea, such as slow chest compression (SCC), are relevant in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To analyze the acute effects of SCC after exercise on DH and dyspnea

Bilevel Noninvasive Ventilation During Exercise Reduces Dynamic Hyperinflation and Improves Cycle Endurance Time in Severe to Very Severe COPD. During exercise, dynamic hyperinflation (DH), measured by a reduction in inspiratory capacity (IC), increases exertional dyspnea and reduces functional capacity in many patients with severe COPD. Although noninvasive ventilation (NIV) during exercise can

Targeting dynamic hyperinflation in moderate-to-severe asthma: a randomised controlled trial. Dynamic hyperinflation is highly prevalent in moderate-to-severe asthma, which may significantly impede activities of daily life. We hypothesised that dynamic hyperinflation in asthma is due to inflammation of large and small airways and can be reduced by systemic anti-inflammatory treatment. Therefore , we investigated the effect of systemic glucocorticoids on dynamic hyperinflation in moderate-to-severe asthma patients and explored the relationships between inflammatory markers and changes in dynamic hyperinflation. In this randomised placebo-controlled trial we included 32 asthma patients on inhaled glucocorticoid therapy showing dynamic hyperinflation, defined by a ≥10% reduction in inspiratory

Induction of dynamic hyperinflation by expiratory resistance breathing in healthy subjects - an efficacy and safety study. What is the central question of this study? The study aimed to establish a novel model to study the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-related cardiopulmonary effects of dynamic hyperinflation in healthy subjects. What is the main finding and its importance ? A model of expiratory resistance breathing (ERB) was established in which dynamic hyperinflation was induced in healthy subjects, expressed both by lung volumes and intrathoracic pressures. ERB outperformed existing methods and represents an efficacious model to study cardiopulmonary mechanics of dynamic hyperinflation without potentially confounding factors as present in COPD. Dynamic hyperinflation

Effects of Dynamic Hyperinflation on Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in Healthy Subjects - A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial. Diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle is common in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Dynamic hyperinflation has been suggested as a key determinant of reduced diastolic function in COPD. We aimed to investigate the effects of induced dynamic hyperinflation on left ventricular diastolic function in healthy subjects to exclude other confounding mechanisms associated with COPD. In this randomized controlled crossover trial (NCT03500822, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/), we induced dynamic hyperinflation using the validated method of expiratory resistance breathing (ERB), which combines tachypnea with expiratory resistance

Acute effect of inhaled iloprost on exercise dynamic hyperinflation in COPD patients: A randomized crossover study. We tested whether the prostacyclin analog inhaled iloprost modulates dead space, dynamic hyperinflation (DH), and systemic inflammation/oxidative stress during maximal exercise in subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who were not selected based on pulmonary

The effect of long-acting dual bronchodilator therapy on exercise tolerance, dynamic hyperinflation, and dead space during constant work rate exercise in COPD. We investigated whether dual bronchodilator therapy (glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate; GFF; Bevespi Aerosphere) would increase exercise tolerance during a high-intensity constant work rate exercise test (CWRET) and the relative contributions of dead space ventilation (V/V) and dynamic hyperinflation (change in inspiratory capacity) to exercise limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In all, 48 patients with COPD (62.9 ± 7.6 yrs; 33 male; GOLD spirometry stage 1/2/3/4, = 2/35/11/0) performed a randomized, double blind, placebo (PL) controlled, two-period crossover, single-center trial. Gas exchange

The value of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) to determine exercise ventilatory inefficiency and dynamic hyperinflation in adult patients with cystic fibrosis. In Cystic Fibrosis (CF), exercise ventilatory inefficiency and dynamic hyperinflation (DH) cause exercise limitation and induce poor exercise tolerance. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the lung can detect pulmonary

Dynamic hyperinflation impairs daily life activity in asthma. Dynamic hyperinflation has been documented in asthma, yet its impact on overall health and daily life activities is unclear. We assessed the prevalence of dynamic hyperinflation in moderate to severe asthma and its relationship with the scores of a set of specific and general respiratory health questionnaires. 77 nonsmoking asthma patients (Global Initiative for Asthma steps 4-5) were recruited consecutively and completed five questionnaires: Asthma Control Questionnaire, Clinical COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) Questionnaire, St George's Respiratory Questionnaire, London Chest Activity of Daily Living scale (LCADL) and Shortness of Breath with Daily Activities (SOBDA). Dynamic hyperinflation was defined as ≥10

Is daily physical activity affected by dynamic hyperinflation in adults with cystic fibrosis? The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dynamic hyperinflation and daily physical activity (DPA) in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF). Thirty-four clinically stable CF were studied. All patients undertook incremental cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). CPET-related with dynamic hyperinflation. Higher incidence of dynamic hyperinflation was found in CF males compared to CF females (p = 0.026). Patients who developed dynamic hyperinflation during CPET had higher vigorous PA (p = 0.01) and more total energy expenditure (p = 0.006) than patients who did not. EELVΔ was related to activities requiring vigorous intensity and total energy expenditure (R = 0.46, p = 0.001; R

Dynamic hyperinflation during the 6-min walk test in severely asthmatic subjects We tested the hypothesis that dynamic hyperinflation develops in severe asthmatic subjects during exercise. Changes in inspiratory capacity (IC) were measured during the 6-min walk test (6MWT) in severe asthmatic subjects compared with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) subjects with a similar degree in the Borg score in the COPD group (r=0.17; p=0.006), but not in the asthma group (r=0.06; p=0.20). In severe asthmatic subjects, IC significantly drops during the 6MWT to the same extent as COPD subjects with a similar degree of lung impairment, indicating the development of dynamic hyperinflation. Contrary to COPD, in asthmatic subjects the occurrence of dynamic hyperinflation was not associated

Static and dynamic hyperinflation during severe acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Static hyperinflation is known to be increased during moderate acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (AECOPD), but few data exist in patients with severe exacerbations of COPD. The role of dynamic hyperinflation during exacerbations is unclear . In a prospective, observational cohort study, we recruited patients admitted to hospital for AECOPD. The following measurements were performed upon admission and again after resolution (stable state) at least 42 days later: inspiratory capacity (IC), body plethysmography, dynamic hyperinflation by metronome-paced IC measurement, health-related quality of life and dyspnea. Forty COPD patients were included

Effects of Expiratory Positive Airway Pressure on Exercise Tolerance, Dynamic Hyperinflation, and Dyspnea in COPD. The application of expiratory positive airway pressure (EPAP) in patients with COPD during exercise may reduce dynamic hyperinflation, while, on the other hand, it can increase the resistive work of breathing. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of 2 intensities of EPAP during exercise on tolerance, dynamic hyperinflation, and dyspnea in subjects with moderate to very severe COPD. We performed a cross-sectional, experimental, 4-visit study. In visit 1, subjects performed symptom-limited cycling incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). In visits 2-4, at least 48 h apart, in a randomized order, subjects performed constant CPET without EPAP, EPAP with 5 cm HO (EPAP5

Effects of weight loss on dynamic hyperinflation in women obese asthmatics. Obese adults with asthma are more likely to develop dynamic hyperinflation (DH) and expiratory flow limitation (EFL) than nonobese asthmatics, and weight-loss seems to improve the breathing mechanics during exercise. However, studies evaluating the effect of weight loss on DH in obese adults with asthma have not been circumference in obese adults with asthma. In addition, the group with greater weight-loss showed a delayed onset of DH and EFL during exercise and improved asthma clinical control and HRQoL. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to evaluate dynamic hyperinflation (DH) after a weight loss program in obese patients with asthma. Our results demonstrate that moderate weight loss can improve DH in obese

Efficacy of Self-titration of Ventilation in Overlap Syndrome (chronic Obstructive Pulmonar Disease + Sleep Apnea Syndrome ) with Dynamic Hyperinflation. EDIN-IDIN. The combination of COPD and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can lead to undesirable interactions with the treatment approach. The investigators know that continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) can increase dynamic hyperinflation in COPD patients, and in mechanical ventilation, the increase in PEEP can worsen dynamic hyperinflation. On the other hand, the team know that the severity of COPD obstruction and hyperinflation alter sleep efficiency, with periods of wakefulness during sleep, and during these periods, the patient would not have upper airway obstruction, which could affect the therapy they are receiving in CPAP mode

Dynamic hyperinflation in patients with asthma and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Little is known about the behavior of operative lung volumes during exercise in patients with asthma and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB). To compare the presence of dynamic hyperinflation (DH) in patients with mild asthma with and without EIB and in healthy individuals and to relate the changes

Effect of β-blockade on lung function, exercise performance and dynamic hyperinflation in people with arterial vascular disease with and without COPD β Blockers are important treatment for ischaemic heart disease and heart failure; however, there has long been concern about their use in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) due to fear of symptomatic worsening of breathlessness. Despite growing evidence of safety and efficacy, they remain underused. We examined the effect of β-blockade on lung function, exercise performance and dynamic hyperinflation in a group of vascular surgical patients, a high proportion of who were expected to have COPD. People undergoing routine abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) surveillance were sequentially recruited from vascular surgery clinic