"Inhibitory control" from_date:2012

Inhibitory control mediates the association between body mass index and math performance in children: A cross-sectional study. Overweight and obesity affect more than 18% of children and adolescents in the world. Obesity-related associations with brain morphology might be associated with reduced efficiency of inhibitory control. This association highlights a possible mechanism by which obesity impacts intelligence and academic achievement. Prior work indicates a mediating effect of inhibitory control on the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and intelligence and academic achievement. However, although obesity is associated with impaired math performance, we do not know whether inhibitory control also mediates the relationship between BMI and math performance. This study tests

Development of working memory and inhibitory control in early childhood: Cross-sectional analysis by age intervals and gender in Ecuadorian preschoolers. Working memory (WM) and inhibitory control (IC) play a crucial role in learning during early childhood. The literature suggests a non-linear developmental trajectory of executive functions (EFs) with varied results according to gender, usually

Mindfulness and inhibitory control: Insights from the stop signal task with neutral and reward-associated stimuli. Mindfulness has been linked to enhanced inhibitory control, yet the dynamics of this relationship, especially in reward situations, are not well understood. Our cross-sectional study aimed to explore the relationship between trait mindfulness and a performance measure of inhibitory go/reward stop, reward go/neutral stop, and reward go/reward stop, requiring participants to suppress reactions either during or after encountering reward-related stimuli. The relevant index of inhibitory control is the stop signal reaction time (SSRT), a performance measure of inhibitory control. Our findings showed no notable variation in the relationship between the MAAS score and SSRT across

An fMRI study examining the role of the extended amygdala and amygdala in emotion and inhibitory control in native versus second language processing. The role of the extended amygdala and amygdala in mediating emotion and inhibitory control in native language versus second language processing is currently not well understood. The current study examined activity in the extended amygdala -linguistic valence (positive, negative, neutral) and inhibitory control (go/no-go condition). Furthermore, main effects were observed for language and valence for the amygdala and extended amygdala. Main effects were observed for inhibitory control for the extended amygdala and right amygdala but not for the left amygdala, which did not show a main effect for inhibitory control. Significant interactions

Inhibitory control in Bipolar Disorder disclosed by theta band modulation. Cognitive inhibition is key to cognitive control in healthy and psychiatric conditions. Bipolar Disorder (BD) individuals display a range of inhibitory deficits and high levels of impulsivity across all stages of the disease, including euthymia. We tested how the inhibition of heuristics in favor of analytical strategies

The effects of an 8-week Taekwondo exercise intervention on inhibitory control in university students with depressive symptoms demonstrated the following-evidence from behavior and ERPs. In university students with depressive symptoms, inhibitory control dysfunctions strongly contribute to functional impairments, yet they are not adequately addressed in current therapies. This study aims to investigate the intervention effect of an 8-week Taekwondo exercise program on inhibitory control in individuals with depressive symptoms. A total of 41 university students with depressive symptoms were randomly divided into a Taekwondo group and a control group. The Taekwondo group participated in an 8-week intervention. Behavioral and ERP measures were collected before and after the intervention during

Unveiling the predictive role of motor competence and physical fitness on inhibitory control in preschool children: a cross-sectional study. During the preschool years, children experience rapid development of inhibitory control (IC). This period is also crucial to foster the establishment of the foundations of physical fitness (PF) and motor competence (MC), which are essential for long-term

Inhibitory control of speech production in the human premotor frontal cortex. Voluntary, flexible stopping of speech output is an essential aspect of speech motor control, especially during natural conversations. The cognitive and neural mechanisms of speech inhibition are not well understood. Here we have recorded direct high-density cortical activity while participants engaged in continuous completing a phrase. Electrocortical stimulation at many premotor sites with inhibitory stop activity caused involuntary speech arrest, which contradicts previous clinical interpretations of this effect as evidence for critical centres of speech production. Together, these results suggest a previously unknown premotor cortical network that supports the inhibitory control of speech, providing implications

Functional and effective connectivity between reward and inhibitory control networks underlying subclinical binge eating. Knowledge is growing on the essential role of neural circuits involved in aberrant cognitive control and reward sensitivity for the onset and maintenance of binge eating. To investigate how the brain's reward (bottom-up) and inhibition control (top-down) systems potentially

The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation and inhibitory control training on depression and anxiety among post-stroke individuals. Recent research has highlighted the role of fronto-parietal brain networks and cognitive control in mood disorders. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and computer-based cognitive training are used in post-stroke rehabilitation. This study examined the combined effects ofof computer-based inhibitory control training (ICCT) and anodal tDCS on post-stroke depression and anxiety. Thirty-five participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: active tDCS treatment (A), sham tDCS treatment with ICCT (T), or active tDCS with ICCT (AT), for a duration of ten days. Primary outcome measures included the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI

The trajectory of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and its dynamic relationship with inhibitory control. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder in childhood, characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Impaired inhibitory control is observed in the majority of individuals with ADHD. Understanding the relationship between inhibitory control and the developmental trajectory of ADHD is essential for informing clinical prognosis and guiding early interventions. We utilized Latent Growth Curve Modeling (LGCM) to map the developmental course of ADHD symptoms using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study. Concurrently, we examined the longitudinal correlation between inhibitory control

Impact of acute open-skill exercise on inhibitory control and brain activation: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. There is a growing body of literature demonstrating that a single bout of exercise benefits executive cognitive function. While the acute effect of closed-skill exercises like walking, running, and cycling has been well investigated, it is less clear how open-skill exercise impacts executive function and brain activation. Therefore, we compared the acute effects of an open-skill exercise on inhibitory control and brain activation with those of a closed-skill exercise using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Twenty-four young right-hand dominant adults (9 women) completed three interventions: badminton, running, and a seated rest control condition for 10

Influence of aerobic exercise on inhibitory control of executive functions in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy: A randomized controlled trial This study investigates the influence of aerobic exercise training on inhibitory control of executive functions in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Single-blind randomized controlled trial. Outpatient Physical Therapy Clinic. Children aged 7 -intensity continuous exercise on a bicycle ergometer for 30 min. All groups received treatment three times a week for 12 weeks. The Eriksen Flanker test and Stroop Color-Word test were used to assess inhibitory control of executive function at the baseline and after 12 weeks. Differences between pre- and post-treatment values in the exercise group showed significant improvement in Flanker response

The effect of mindfulness on decision-making, inhibitory control, and impulsivity of substance use disorder in-treatment patients: A randomized clinical trial. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention (MBRP) in decision-making, inhibitory control and impulsivity compared to Treatment as Usual (TAU) for individuals with Substance Use Disorders (SUD's ) in Brazil. A randomized clinical trial was conducted with participants from a therapeutic community (n = 122). Decision-making (Iowa Gambling Task), impulsivity dimensions (UPPS-P Scale), and inhibitory control (Stroop Color-Word Test) were assessed before and after the MBRP 8-week intervention. GLM Multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the effects of MBRP on different impulsivity measures

Inhibitory control and its modification in spider phobia - Study protocol for an antisaccade training trial. Inhibitory control deficits are considered a key pathogenic factor in anxiety disorders. To assess inhibitory control, the antisaccade task is a well-established measure that assesses antisaccade performance via latencies and error rates. The present study follows three aims: (1 ) to investigate inhibitory control via antisaccade latencies and errors in an antisaccade task, and their associations with multiple measures of fear in patients with spider phobia (SP) versus healthy controls (HC), (2) to investigate the modifiability of antisaccade performance via a fear-specific antisaccade training in patients with SP and HC, and (3) to explore associations between putative training-induced

Task-Evoked Neural Activity During Reward Anticipation and Inhibitory Control in Preadolescent Binge Eating Disorder. Behavioral features of binge eating disorder (BED) suggest abnormalities in reward and inhibitory control. Studies of adult populations suggest functional abnormalities in reward and inhibitory control networks. Despite behavioral markers often developing in children , as participants completed the monetary incentive delay task and the stop signal task. We indexed group differences in regions of interest in the reward (orbitofrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens) and inhibitory control (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex). No significant group differences emerged during tasks of inhibitory control among children with BED and children without BED. Similarly

Poorer inhibitory control was related to greater food intake across meals varying in portion size: A randomized crossover trial. Individuals eat more food when larger portions are served, and this portion size effect could be influenced by inhibitory control (the ability to suppress an automatic response). Inhibitory control may also relate to obesogenic meal behaviors such as eating faster to determine mean eating rate (g/min), mean bite size (g/bite), and number of switches between bites and sips. Participants completed a food-specific stop-signal task, which was used to calculate Stop-Signal Reaction Time (SSRT). Across participants, SSRT values ranged from 143 to 306 msec, where greater SSRT indicates poorer inhibitory control. As expected, serving larger portions increased meal intake (p

µ-opioid receptor activation at the dorsal reticular nucleus shifts diffuse noxious inhibitory controls to hyperalgesia in chronic joint pain in male rats. The dorsal reticular nucleus is a pain facilitatory area involved in the diffuse noxious inhibitory controls (DNIC), through opioidergic mechanisms that are poorly understood. We hypothesized that signaling of µ-opioid receptors is altered

Prolonged cognitive effort impairs inhibitory control and causes significant mental fatigue after an endurance session with an auditive distractor in professional soccer players. Throughout official soccer matches, the presence of cheer by the crowd could be considered a critical auditive distraction that could further impair the cognitive interference control system, multiple object tracking , and cognitive effort are essential. We aimed to analyze the acute effect of cognitive effort and auditive distractor with 24-h follow-up throughout a prolonged endurance session on inhibitory control, subjective mental fatigue, MOT skill, and HRV in professional soccer players. Twenty professional male soccer players were recruited (23.56 ± 3.8 years, 78.1 ± 6.9 kg, 1.77 ± 0.06 m, and 12.5 ± 5.3% body fat

What happens to the inhibitory control functions of the right inferior frontal cortex when this area is dominant for language? A low number of individuals show an atypical brain control of language functions that differs from the typical lateralization in the left cerebral hemisphere. In these cases, the neural distribution of other cognitive functions is not fully understood. Although production), our results show that atypical lateralization is associated with a mirrored brain organization of the inhibitory control network in the left hemisphere: inferior frontal cortex, presupplementary motor area, and subthalamic nucleus. However, the individual analyses revealed a large number of cases with a noteworthy overlap in the inferior frontal gyrus, which shared both inhibitory and language