"The Food Chain" from_date:2012

Antimicrobial resistance in the food chain Skip to main content Join our mailing list to receive our latest resources and notices on upcoming webinars! Subscribe The NCCEH recognizes the lands, rights, and knowledges of Indigenous Peoples, and the ongoing harms of colonization.We are committed to our role in building a better future. See moreFrançaisAbout UsResourcesCoursesEventsForumsTable of resistance genes in the host that could transfer to pathogens. Human exposure to AMR in the food chain could occur through the following pathways and are applicable to both food grown and animals raised in Canada as well as those that have been imported: Direct contact with treated livestock or fish,Consumption of contaminated meat, poultry, fish, dairy, or eggs; andConsumption of contaminated produce from

Search for carbapenem-resistant bacteria and carbapenem resistance genes along swine food chains in Central Italy. The presence of carbapenem-resistant bacteria and carbapenem resistance genes (CRGs) in livestock is increasing. To evaluate the presence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) and the main CRGs along swine food chains of the Marche Region (Central Italy), samples faecal samples tested positive for blaNDM-1 and blaOXA-48, respectively. Overall, the importance of monitoring CPE and CRGs in livestock and their food chains should be stressed to control all potential non-human CPE and CRGs reservoirs and to determine safety levels for human health.

Trophic Transfer of Metal Nanoparticles in an Aquatic Food Chain Diminishes Their Toxicity Disparities. Engineered nanoparticles (ENP) threaten aquatic ecosystems as they are increasingly released into the aquatic environment, which is the sink for most contaminants, throughout their life cycle. How the food web responds to ENPs or how they shape the food web remains unclear. Here, we report the environmental behavior and toxicity of four ENPs in an aquatic food chain, focusing on their uptake, depuration, and trophic transfer efficiency. While no bioaccumulation or biomagnification was observed, the properties and biotransformation of the ENPs significantly influenced their uptake and depuration rates in the - food chain. We also highlight the impact of particle properties and exposure pathways

Uncommon Salmonella Infantis Variants with Incomplete Antigenic Formula in the Poultry Food Chain, Italy. Uncommon Salmonella Infantis variants displaying only flagellar antigens phenotypically showed identical incomplete antigenic formula but differed by molecular serotyping. Although most formed rough colonies, all shared antimicrobial resistances and the presence of usg gene with wild-type

Unveiling the Sources and Transfer of Mercury in Forest Bird Food Chains Using Techniques of Vivo-Nest Video Recording and Stable Isotopes. Knowledge gaps in mercury (Hg) biomagnification in forest birds, especially in the most species-rich tropical and subtropical forests, limit our understanding of the ecological risks of Hg deposition to forest birds. This study aimed to quantify Hg bioaccumulation and transfer in the food chains of forest birds in a subtropical montane forest using a bird diet recorded by video and stable Hg isotope signals of biological and environmental samples. Results show that inorganic mercury (IHg) does not biomagnify along food chains, whereas methylmercury (MeHg) has trophic magnification factors of 7.4-8.1 for the basal resource-invertebrate-bird food chain

Trophic Transfer and Toxic Potency of Rare Earth Elements along a Terrestrial Plant-Herbivore Food Chain. Extensive rare earth element (REE) mining activities have caused REE contamination of ambient agricultural soils, posing threats to associated food webs. Here, a simulated lettuce-snail food chain was conducted to evaluate the trophic transfer characteristics and the consequent effects only in snails and the varied REE profiles along the food chain. This was corroborated by toxicokinetics. Estimated uptake () and elimination () parameters were 0.010-2.9 kg kg day and 0.010-1.8 day, respectively, with higher values for LREE and HREE. The relatively high , compared to , indicating a fast REE elimination, supports the trophic dilution. Dietary exposure to REEs dose-dependently

Foliar Exposure of Deuterium Stable Isotope-Labeled Nanoplastics to Lettuce: Quantitative Determination of Foliar Uptake, Transport, and Trophic Transfer in a Terrestrial Food Chain. Nanoplastics (NPs) are widely detected in the atmosphere and are likely to be deposited on plant leaves. However, our understanding of their foliar uptake, translocation, and trophic transfer profiles is limited due to a lack of quantitative analytical tools to effectively probe mechanisms of action. Here, using synthesized deuterium (H) stable isotope-labeled polystyrene nanoplastics (H-PSNPs), the foliar accumulation and translocation of NPs in lettuce and the dynamics of NP transfer along a lettuce-snail terrestrial food chain were investigated. Raman imaging and scanning electron microscopy demonstrated

Conversion of Retinoids along the Marine Food Chain Contributes to Adverse Impacts on the Spine, Liver, and Intestinal Health of the Marine Medaka (Oryzias melastigma). Marine microalgae serve as an aquaculture bait. To enhance algal cell growth and breeding profits, high-intensity light conditions are standard for cultivating bait microalgae, potentially altering microalgal metabolite production. This research revealed that , when subjected to high-intensity light conditions, accumulated significant quantities of retinal (RAL) that transferred through the food chain and transformed into all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) in marine medaka. The study further explored the toxic effects on individual fish and specific tissues, as well as the mechanisms behind this toxicity. The accumulation

Antibiotics and Pesticides Enhancing the Transfer of Resistomes among Soil-Bayberry-Fruit Fly Food Chain in the Orchard Ecosystem. While substantial amounts of antibiotics and pesticides are applied to maintain orchard yields, their influence on the dissemination and risk of antibiotic resisitome in the orchard food chain remains poorly understood. In this study, we characterized the bacterial , with aminoglycoside and adherence factor genes being among the most abundant. The co-occurrence network revealed some shared microbes, such as and , as potential hosts of ARGs, highlighting the vector risks for both above- and below-ground parts of the orchard food chain. Notably, the elevated levels of antibiotics and pesticide residues in orchard soils increase ARGs, mobile genetic elements (MGEs), and VFGs

Increased Transmission of Antibiotic Resistance Occurs in a Soil Food Chain under Pesticide Stress. The rising spread of antibiotic resistance is a global concern, but the pathways of dissemination within soil ecosystems remain poorly understood. Here, we quantified the occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in gut microbiomes of soil collembolans () under pesticide stress (zinc the abundance of ARGs (e.g., ) in soil collembolan microbiomes. With the increase of ARGs in prey collembolan microbiomes, an increase of ARGs in predatory mite microbiomes was observed through trophic transfer. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) significantly contribute to the transmission of ARGs within this food chain. Additionally, co-occurrence analysis indicated a strong association between gut resistomes

Bioaccumulation, Trophic Transfer, and Biotransformation of Polychlorinated Diphenyl Ethers in a Simulated Aquatic Food Chain. Polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PCDEs) are detected in aquatic environments and demonstrate adverse effects in aquatic organisms. However, data regarding the environmental behavior of PCDEs in aquatic ecosystems are lacking. In the present study, a simulated aquatic food chain (--) was constructed in a lab setting, and the bioaccumulation, trophic transfer, and biotransformation of 12 PCDE congeners were quantitatively investigated for the first time. The log-transformed bioaccumulation factors (BCFs) of PCDEs in , , and were in the range of 2.94-3.77, 3.29-4.03, and 2.42-2.89 L/kg w.w., respectively, indicating the species-specific bioaccumulation of PCDE

Toxicokinetics and Particle Number-Based Trophic Transfer of a Metallic Nanoparticle Mixture in a Terrestrial Food Chain. Herein, we investigated to which extent metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) affect the trophic transfer of other coexisting MNPs from lettuce to terrestrial snails and the associated tissue-specific distribution using toxicokinetic (TK) modeling and single-particle inductively the trophic transfer of AgNPs from lettuce to snails but enhanced the retention of AgNPs in snails. Biomagnification of AgNPs from lettuce to snails was observed in an AgNPs single treatment using AgNPs number as the dose metric, which was reflected by the particle number-based TTFs of AgNPs in snails (1.67, i.e., higher than 1). The size distribution of AgNPs was shifted across the lettuce-snail food chain

Menu Labeling and Calories Purchased in Restaurants in a US National Fast Food Chain. Menu labeling has been implemented in restaurants in some US jurisdictions as early as 2008, but the extent to which menu labeling is associated with calories purchased is unclear. To estimate the association of menu labeling with calories and nutrients purchased and assess geographic variation in results

Trophic Transfer and Toxicity of (Mixtures of) Ag and TiO₂ Nanoparticles in the Lettuce-Terrestrial Snail Food Chain. The increasing application of biosolids and agrochemicals containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiONPs) results in their inevitable accumulation in soil, with unknown implications along terrestrial food chains. Here, the trophic of AgNPs and TiONPs did not affect the biomagnification and distribution patterns of Ag and Ti in snails, whereas their co-existence exhibited more severe inhibition of the growth and activity of snails than in the case of applying AgNPs or TiONPs alone. This highlights the possibility of nanoparticle transfer to organisms of higher trophic levels via food chains and the associated risks to ecosystem

Contribution of Dietary Uptake to PAH Bioaccumulation in a Simplified Pelagic Food Chain: Modeling the Influences of Continuous vs Intermittent Feeding in Zooplankton and Fish. Dietary uptake is important for trophic transfer of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the freshwater pelagic ecosystem. In this study, we hypothesized that both the dietary uptake rate and interval significantly influenced its relative contribution to bioaccumulation. We developed a toxicokinetic model framework for the bioaccumulation of deuterated PAHs (PAHs-) in aquatic organisms considering different feeding intervals ranging from none for phytoplankton to approximately continuous for zooplankton to discrete for fish and built a simple artificial freshwater pelagic food chain composed of algae , zooplankton

Vanadium Stable Isotopes in Biota of Terrestrial and Aquatic Food Chains. Vanadium, a potentially toxic metal, is enriched in the environment from anthropogenic releases, particularly during fossil fuel production and use and steel manufacturing. Metal stable isotopes are sophisticated tools to trace pollution; however, only recent analytical advances have allowed for the accurate and precise

Trophic Dilution of Short-Chain Chlorinated Paraffins in a Plant-Plateau Pika-Eagle Food Chain from the Tibetan Plateau. Little is currently known about the trophic transfer behavior of short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) in terrestrial ecosystems. The trophodynamics of SCCPs were investigated in a typical terrestrial food chain (plant-plateau pika-eagle) from the interior of the Tibetan was 0.37, implying the trophic dilution of SCCPs in this terrestrial food chain. The TMF values of individual congener groups were positively correlated with the values of log , log and biotransformation half-life. As a result of long-range transport, SCCPs congeners with low molecular weight dominated in Tibetan Plateau species (C congeners = 76.9%, Cl congeners = 71.5%), which could partly explain

Alleviative Effects of C₆₀ on the Trophic Transfer of Cadmium along the Food Chain in Aquatic Environment. C could enhance the accumulation of pollutants in organisms, but their effects on higher trophic levels remain unknown. In the present study, the transfer of C from to zebrafish () and its effects on Cd transfer were investigated. The results showed that C could be transferred from to zebrafish through dietary exposure and accumulate mainly in the intestines, but biomagnification was not observed. The presence of C promoted accumulation of Cd in . However, it decreased Cd burden in the higher trophic level (zebrafish), displaying an alleviative effect on the trophic transfer of Cd along the food chain. To explore the underlying mechanisms, the release of Cd from

Trophic Transfer of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in a Soil Detritus Food Chain. The presence and spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are causing substantial global public concern; however, the dispersal of ARGs in the food chain is poorly understood. Here, we experimented with a soil collembolan ( Folsomia candida)-predatory mite ( Hypoaspis aculeifer) model food chain to study trophic for the trophic transfer of ARGs, not just for ARGs distribution in the samples. These findings suggest that the importance of food chain transmission of ARGs for the dispersal of resistance genes in soil ecosystems may be underestimated.

Levels, Patterns, and Biomagnification Potential of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in a Terrestrial Food Chain in a Nordic Skiing Area. Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are used in a wide range of consumer products, including ski products, such as ski waxes. However, there is limited knowledge on the release of PFASs from such products into the environment and the resultant uptake in biota represent the base of the terrestrial food web, and PFASs originating from ski wax may result to higher exposure in organisms at the top of the food chain.