"Ventilator-associated lung injury" from_date:2012

Dexmedetomidine alleviates non-ventilation associated lung injury via modulating immunology phenotypes of macrophages. We aimed to evaluate the effect of Dexmedetomidine (Dex) on immunology function of macrophages and inflammatory reactions in non-ventilated lung tissues from both humans and rats. Patients scheduled for lung lobectomy were randomly assigned to traditional anesthesia group or Dex

Lung-Protective Ventilation Strategies for Relief from Ventilator-Associated Lung Injury in Patients Undergoing Craniotomy: A Bicenter Randomized, Parallel, and Controlled Trial Current evidence indicates that conventional mechanical ventilation often leads to lung inflammatory response and oxidative stress, while lung-protective ventilation (LPV) minimizes the risk of ventilator-associated lung injury (VALI). This study evaluated the effects of LPV on relief of pulmonary injury, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress among patients undergoing craniotomy. Sixty patients undergoing craniotomy received either conventional mechanical (12 mL/kg tidal volume [V] and 0 cm HO positive end-expiratory pressure [PEEP]; CV group) or protective lung (6 mL/kg V and 10 cm HO PEEP; PV group) ventilation

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a potential novel biomarker for ventilator-associated lung injury Neutrophil gelatinase‑associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a 25‑kDa protein of the lipocalin superfamily and its presence was initially observed in activated neutrophils. It has previously been demonstrated that the expression of NGAL is markedly increased in stimulated epithelia , and is important in the innate immunological response to various pathophysiological conditions, including infection, cancer, inflammation and kidney injury. The present study constructed a ventilator‑associated lung injury model in mice. NGAL mRNA and protein expression levels in lung tissue were detected using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively

Intraoperative Mechanical Power and Ventilation-Associated Lung Injury: Assessing Complications This study investigates the relationship between intraoperative mechanical power and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. We record mechanical ventilation parameters and surgical characteristics, assessing the incidence of pulmonary complications within the contribution of different causes of VILI and their variations. This equation can be easily applied in the software of each ventilator. Recent studies have investigated threshold values for mechanical power in relation to ventilator-associated lung injury using the simplified formula found for mechanical power."

Limiting ventilator-associated lung injury in a preterm porcine neonatal model. Preterm infants are prone to respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), with severe cases requiring mechanical ventilation for support. However, there are no clear guidelines regarding the optimal ventilation strategy. We hypothesized that airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) would mitigate lung injury in a preterm

Preventing Ventilator-Associated Lung Injury: A Perioperative Perspective Research into the prevention of ventilator-associated lung injury (VALI) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in the intensive care unit (ICU) has resulted in the development of a number of lung protective strategies, which have become commonplace in the treatment of critically ill patients

Influence of apneic oxygenation and minimal tidal volumes on ventilator-associated lung injury. Protective tidal volumes such as 6 mL/kg can still result in tidal hyperinflation and expose the lung to mechanical stress. Further reduction of tidal volume and apneic oxygenation might mitigate lung injury. We aimed to assess the influence of minimal tidal volumes and apneic oxygenation in combination with arterio-venous extracorporeal lung assist (av-ECLA) on ventilator-associated lung injury. Acute respiratory distress syndrome was induced in swine (N.=24) by saline lavage. The animals were randomized into three groups, ventilated in a pressure-controlled mode with a tidal volume (VT) of 6 mL/kg, 3 mL/kg and 0 mL/kg body weight, respectively. The latter two groups were instrumented

Bronchoalveolar Activation of Coagulation and Inhibition of Fibrinolysis during Ventilator-Associated Lung Injury. Background and Objective. Bronchoalveolar coagulopathy is a characteristic feature of pulmonary inflammation. We compared bronchoalveolar and systemic levels of coagulation in patients who did and patients who did not develop ventilator-associated lung injury (VALI). Methods

Pathophysiology of ventilator-associated lung injury. Mechanical ventilation is essential for the support of critically ill patients, but may aggravate lung damage, leading to ventilator-associated lung injury (VALI). VALI results from a succession of events beginning with mechanical alteration of lung parenchyma, because of disproportionate stress and strain. The resulting structural tension

children, and its physiological and anatomic attributes increase neonatal vulnerability to respiratory distress and eventual failure. While significant advancements have been made in developing respiratory support for neonates, such support is accompanied by inherent risks to their delicate lungs. Ventilator-associated lung injury poses a critical concern that can be potentially decreased with more

-outdated and patients managed on lower tidal volumes (6 ml/kg) were found to have decreased mortality.1 This practice of lower tidal volumes has been termed “lung protective ventilation” (LPV) and is now the standard of care for patients receiving mechanical ventilation. Ventilator-associated lung injury and inflammation can occur even during short-term mismanagement can worsen patient outcomes.2 Finally

Near fatal asthma in a case of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) treated with ECMO. Fatal asthma is a rapidly progressing and highly fatal form of asthma. Mechanical ventilation, although necessary for respiratory support, can exacerbate the condition and lead to ventilator-associated lung injury. ECMO therapy is crucial in allowing the lungs to rest and recover, as it provides

has been found to be uncommon, and hence prolonged ED length of stay can result in iatrogenic lung injury from excessively high tidal volumes.2 Evidence demonstrates that potentially injurious ventilator practices are common in the ED,9, 10, 11, 12, 13 especially because ventilator-associated lung injury can occur shortly after the initiation of mechanical ventilation.9, 14, 15 Early lung-protective

may be hampered by the pathology that precipitated the cardiac arrest and by the ensuing post–cardiac arrest pathophysiology. Further management challenges may be caused by aspiration and lung injury occurring during resuscitation efforts,92 as well as by subsequent ventilator-associated lung injury.93 In addition, providers must be mindful of the fact that therapeutic hypothermia used after ROSC

Volume-targeted ventilation vs pressure-controlled ventilation for very low birthweight infants: a protocol of a randomized controlled trial. Mechanical ventilation (MV) is essential in the management of critically ill neonates, especially preterm infants. However, inappropriate or prolonged use of invasive MV may result in ventilator-associated lung injury. A systemic review comparing pressure

Comparison of adaptive support ventilation and synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: A randomized clinical trial. Suitable mechanical ventilation strategies can reduce the incidence and severity of ventilator-associated lung injury in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In this study, the effects of adaptive

of combined ARDS, and its incidence was 39.81%. The 82 patients with ARDS were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 42 cases each, and different ventilation methods were used for treatment. The results showed that the mechanical ventilation time (MVT) was shorter in the observation group than in the control group, and the incidence of ventilator-associated lung injury (VALI

and decreases collagen deposition in the lungs of mice challenged with a lethal dose of P. aeruginosa. Thus, CLEC5A is a promising therapeutic target to reduce ventilator-associated lung injury and fibrosis in P. aeruginosa-induced pneumonia.

Biotrauma during ultra-low tidal volume ventilation and venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in cardiogenic shock: a randomized crossover clinical trial. Cardiogenic pulmonary oedema (CPE) may contribute to ventilator-associated lung injury (VALI) in patients with cardiogenic shock. The appropriate ventilatory strategy remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the impact of ultra-low

to minimise ventilation-associated lung injury. Strict monitoring and maintaining of tidal volumes along with use of synchronised ventilation modes is recommended.A Cochrane review has confirmed that early surfactant replacement therapy with extubation to nasal CPAP compared with later selective surfactant administration with continued ventilation is associated with less need for ventilation and lower