What is the efficacy of aprons compared to gowns in primary care settings? What is the effectiveness of protective gowns and aprons against COVID-19 in primary care settings? - The Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine The Centre for Evidence-Based MedicineEvidence Service to support the COVID-19 responseNavigate this website * Home * COVID-19 Evidence * Open Evidence Reviews * Blog * Home * COVID -19 Evidence * Open Evidence Reviews * BlogWhat is the effectiveness of protective gowns and aprons against COVID-19 in primary care settings?April 16, 2020Briana Coles, University of LeicesterChris Burton, University of SheffieldKamlesh Khunti, University of LeicesterTrisha Greenhalgh and Xin Hui Chan, University of OxfordLawrence Ross, Children’s Hospital, Los AngelesSeries editor:Trish
Determinants of Maternal and Infant Omega-3 Status at 3 Months Postpartum: Findings from the APrON Longitudinal Cohort Study. Omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) are important dietary components for maternal and infant health during pregnancy and lactation. This study investigated determinants of maternal and infant LCPUFAs status at three months postpartum and the relationship between maternal serum, mother's milk, and infant LCPUFAs. This cross-sectional study included mothers (n=1481) and their offspring (n=526) at three months postpartum from the APrON cohort. Maternal dietary intake (24-hour recall), blood samples from mothers and infants, and maternal milk were collected. Fatty acid composition (relative % of total fatty acids) was determined by gas-liquid
The Addition of a Leaded Arm Sleeve to Leaded Aprons Further Decreases Operator Upper Outer Quadrant Chest Wall Radiation Dose During Fluoroscopically Guided Interventions. Breast cancer most commonly occurs in the upper outer quadrant (UOQ) chest wall (CW). The effectiveness of routine leaded aprons to protect this region of the body in interventionalists during fluoroscopically guided interventions (FGIs) is unknown. Given the high lifetime attributable risks of prolonged occupational exposure to ionizing radiation, and the increasing number of practicing female vascular surgeons and interventionalists, we sought to determine if the use of a leaded arm shield would offer additional protection to the lateral CW and axilla in operators compared to routine leaded aprons. Effectiveness
Radiation shielding effects of lead equivalent thickness of a radiation protective apron and distance during C-arm fluoroscopy-guided pain interventions: A randomized trial. The present study aimed to evaluate the degree of radiation shielding effects according to lead equivalent thickness and distance during C-arm fluoroscopy-guided lumbar interventions. The exposure time and air kerma were recorded using a fluoroscope. The effective dose (ED) was measured with and without the shielding material of the lead apron using 2 dosimeters at 2 positions. According to the lead equivalent thickness of the shielding material and distance from the side of the table, the groups were divided into 4 groups: group 1 (lead equivalent thickness 0.6 mm, distance 0 cm), group 2 (lead equivalent thickness 0.6
The Use of the Apron and Disaster Baby Carriers to Improve the Exclusive Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy of Mothers in Disaster-Affected Zones in Indonesia. Disasters have psychological effects on breastfeeding mothers due to the high potential to reduce the production of breast milk, which may affect the ability of breastfeeding mothers to provide nutritious food to their babies. The stress from ) using apron and Disaster Evacuation Baby Carrier (DEBC) in increasing breastfeeding-mothers' self efficacy in disaster-affected areas. This research employed a quantitative method involving 74 women. The samples were collected using a cluster randomized controlled trial sampling at four sub-districts in Southeast Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Data were analyzed using an independent t
Maternal and paternal perinatal depressive symptoms associate with 2- and 3-year-old children's behaviour: findings from the APrON longitudinal study. Prenatal and postnatal depressive symptoms are common in expectant and new mothers and fathers. This study examined the association between four patterns of probable perinatal depression (mother depressed, father depressed, both depressed, neither
Not all lightweight lead aprons and thyroid shields are alike. With the explosion of minimally invasive surgery, the use of fluoroscopy has significantly increased. Concurrently, there has been a demand for lighter weight aprons. The industry answered this call with the development of lightweight aprons. Our goal was to see whether lighter weight garments provide reduced protection. Dry laboratory testing was performed in a standard X-ray room, using a standard fluoroscopy table and standard acrylic blocks. A commercial-grade pressurized ion chamber survey meter (Ludlum Model 9DP; Ludlum Measurements, Inc, Sweetwater, Tex) was used to detect gamma rays and X-rays above 25 keV. Nonlead aprons from several manufacturers were tested for scatter radiation penetration above the table
Radiation safety: a focus on lead aprons and thyroid shields in interventional pain management C-arm fluoroscopy is useful equipment in interventional pain management because it helps to guide correct needle targeting for the accurate injection and drug delivery. However, due to increased use of C-arm fluoroscopy in various pain procedures, the risk of radiation exposure is a significant concern for pain physicians. The harmful biological effects of ionizing radiation on the human body are well known. It is therefore necessary to strive to reduce radiation exposure. Lead aprons with thyroid shields are the most fundamental radiation protective devices for interventional procedures, and are very effective. However, the operator's radiation safety cannot be guaranteed because pain physicians seem
A Study on the Use of Radiation-Protective Apron among Interventionists in Radiology Radiation-protective aprons are commonly used by interventionists to protect against the harmful effects of ionizing radiation. Choice of appropriate aprons with respect to lead equivalence and weight is necessary for effective protection and reduced physical strain. This study evaluates the knowledge and practice of using radiation-protective aprons by interventionists. Ninety-one interventional radiologists who attended an annual interventional conference were provided with a questionnaire which included age, years of experience, area of expertise, type and weight of apron used, and physical strain caused due to the use of apron. About 14.3% of the interventionists practiced in an angiographic suite
Activity Aprons for Inpatients Requiring Individual Nursing Assignment Care: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. Activity aprons are commercially available products used to occupy patients with dementia at home or in long-term care facilities. We hypothesized that inpatient use of activity aprons could potentially reduce or eliminate behaviors that result in self-harm, increased nursing supervision, and restraint use in an inpatient hospital setting. A single-center prospective randomized controlled pilot study was performed from July 2015 to November 2016 comparing activity apron plus standard care versus standard care alone. Consecutively enrolled patients were randomized by stratified randomization using age (cutoff: 80 years) and preexisting diagnosis of dementia
Prenatal bisphenol a exposure and dysregulation of infant hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function: findings from the APrON cohort study Animal models show that prenatal bisphenol A (BPA) exposure leads to sexually dimorphic disruption of the neuroendocrine system in offspring, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) neuroendocrine system, but human data are lacking. In humans
Efficiency of lead aprons in blocking radiation − how protective are they? Despite the firmly established occupational risk of exposure to X-rays, they are used extensively in spine surgeries. Shielding by lead aprons is the most common protective practice. We quantified the level of their radiation blocking ability in a real-life setting. Single-center, prospective, randomized study of adult (TLD) worn both above and under the 0.5 mm thyroid and trunk lead protectors. Sixty four patients were included in this study, 34 in the RO cohort and 30 in the FA cohort. The radiation blocked by the aprons, represented as the ratio of the under-apron to above-apron TLDs, averaged 37.1% (range 25.4-48.3%, 95% confidence interval between 30.6-43.6%). In the RO cohort, the average per-screw radiation
Physical analysis of the shielding capacity for a lightweight apron designed for shielding low intensity scattering X-rays The purpose of this paper is to develop a lightweight apron that will be used for shielding low intensity radiation in medical imaging radiography room and to apply it to a custom-made effective shielding. The quality of existing aprons made for protecting our bodies from are 0.039 mmPb, 0.095 mmPb, 0.22 mmPb for each. The rate of shielding space scattering rays are 80% from the distance of 0.5 m, 86% from 1.0 m, and 97% from 1.5 m. If we intend to approach with the purpose of shielding scattering X-rays and low intensity radiations, it is possible to reduce the weight of the apron to be 1/5 compared to that of the existing lead aprons whose weight is typically more than 4
A prospective case control comparison of the ZeroGravity system versus a standard lead apron as radiation protection strategy in neuroendovascular procedures. We aimed to compare the performance of the ZeroGravity (ZG) system (radiation protection system composed by a suspended lead suit) against the use of standard protection (lead apron (LA), thyroid shield, lead eyeglasses, table skirts
Time to Loosen the Apron Strings: Cohort-based Evaluation of a Learner-driven Remediation Model at One Medical School. Remediation in the era of competency-based assessment demands a model that empowers students to improve performance. To examine a remediation model where students, rather than faculty, develop remedial plans to improve performance. Private medical school, 177 medical students
The Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition (APrON) cohort study: rationale and methods. The Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition (APrON) study is an ongoing prospective cohort study that recruits pregnant women early in pregnancy and, as of 2012, is following up their infants to 3 years of age. It has currently enrolled approximately 5000 Canadians (2000 pregnant women, their offspring and many of their partners). The primary aims of the APrON study were to determine the relationships between maternal nutrient intake and status, before, during and after gestation, and (1) maternal mood; (2) birth and obstetric outcomes; and (3) infant neurodevelopment. We have collected comprehensive maternal nutrition, anthropometric, biological and mental health data at multiple points
Comparison Of Effective Radiation Shielding Between Rampart IC, M1128 Shield vs Conventional Apron And Shields In Clinical Interventional Procedures Previous studies have documented that orthopedic injuries and musculoskeletal pain are a likely result of wearing heavy leaded aprons. This single-center, randomized 1-3 month clinical study compares conventional lead aprons and ancillary shields stratification will be 1:1:1 to either Rampart shield only, lead apron and ancillary shield, or lead apron and Rampart Shield. Real-time dosimeters will be used in each procedure to measure radiation attenuation. Previous studies have documented that orthopedic injuries and musculoskeletal pain are a likely result of wearing heavy leaded aprons that are designed to shield interventionalists and laboratory
Predictors of exclusive breastfeeding: observations from the Alberta pregnancy outcomes and nutrition (APrON) study. Despite growing evidence that supports the importance of 6-month exclusive breastfeeding, few Canadian mothers adhere to this, and early weaning onto solids is a common practice. This study assessed infant feeding transitions during the first 6 months postpartum and factors that predicted exclusive breastfeeding to 3 and 6 months. This prospective cohort study was part of the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition study (APrON). From an initial sample of 600 pregnant women recruited from Edmonton and Calgary, 402 mothers provided complete details at 3 months postpartum; 300 stayed on to provide information at 6 months postpartum. During pregnancy and at 3 and 6 months
Influence of lead apron shielding on absorbed doses from panoramic radiography This study investigated the absorbed doses in a full anthropomorphic body phantom from two different panoramic radiography devices, performing protocols with and without applying a lead apron. A RANDO(®) full body phantom (Alderson Research Laboratories Inc., Stamford, CT) was equipped with 110 thermoluminescent dosemeters at 55 different sites and set up in two different panoramic radiography devices [SCANORA(®) three-dimensional (3D) (SOREDEX, Tuusula, Finland) and ProMax(®) 3D (Planmeca, Helsinki, Finland)] and exposed. Two different protocols were performed in the two devices. The first protocol was performed without any lead shielding, whereas the phantom was equipped with a standard adult lead apron