Baclofen for alcohol use disorder. Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is one of the most widespread psychiatric disorders leading to detrimental consequences to people with this disorder and others. Worldwide, the prevalence of heavy episodic drinking (30-day prevalence of at least one occasion of 60 g of pure alcohol intake among current drinkers) is estimated at 20% and the prevalence of AUD at 5 % of the adult general population, with highest prevalence in Europe and North America. Therapeutic approaches, including pharmacotherapy, play an important role in treating people with AUD. This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in 2018. To evaluate the benefits and harms of baclofen on achieving and maintaining abstinence or reducing alcohol consumption in people with AUD compared to placebo
Baclofen: at moderate doses, an option for some alcohol-dependent patients Prescrire IN ENGLISH - Spotlight ''Baclofen: at moderate doses, an option for some alcohol-dependent patients'', 1 May 2021 {1}##LOC[OK]## {1} ##LOC[OK]## ##LOC[Cancel]## {1}##LOC[OK]####LOC[Cancel]## Register online| Log in| My Prescrire Issue contents * Current issue * Last 12 issues * All issues Topics * Annual Subscription Rate * Subscribers: register online * Prescrire's other products * Free Special Edition * Sign up to receive the newsletter english.prescrire.org > Spotlight > 100 most recent > Baclofen: at moderate doses, an option for some alcohol-dependent patients SpotlightEvery month, the subjects in Prescrire’s Spotlight. 100 most recent: 1|10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80|90Spotlight * 100 most recent
Be alert if you are taking baclofen in high doses Skip to main contentMain navigation Menu SearchYou are hereHome News and Community Safety alertsBe alert if you are taking baclofen in high doses Coronial inquiries have highlighted the need to be aware of risks Published19 October 2023ListenPrintShareOn this page:What patients should doWhat is off-label use?Information for health professionalsOn this pageWhat patients should doWhat is off-label use?Information for health professionals Recent coronial inquiries into 2 deaths have highlighted the need for consumers and carers to be alert to the risks of using baclofen. The risks of overdose are particularly pronounced when using high doses for off-label treatment of alcohol-use disorder. The brand-name baclofen product in Australia is Lioresal
Baclofen (Baclocur) and alcohol dependence. At moderate doses, a modest aid in controlling alcohol consumption Prescrire IN ENGLISH - Spotlight ''Baclofen (Baclocur°) and alcohol dependence. At moderate doses, a modest aid in controlling alcohol consumption'', 1 February 2020 {1}##LOC[OK]## {1} ##LOC[OK]## ##LOC[Cancel]## {1}##LOC[OK]####LOC[Cancel]## Register online| Log in| My Prescrire Issue * Prescrire events * A global network Offers * Subscribe now * Solidarity Subscription Rate * Subscribers: register online * Prescrire's other products * Free Special Edition * Sign up to receive the newsletter english.prescrire.org > Spotlight > 100 most recent > Baclofen (Baclocur°) and alcohol dependence. At moderate doses, a modest aid in controlling alcohol consumption SpotlightEvery
Baclofen You need to be logged in to see the full monograph.LoginUSE OF BACLOFEN IN PREGNANCYDate of issue: October 2022, Version: 4A corresponding patient information leaflet on USE OF BACLOFEN IN PREGNANCY is available.Baclofen is a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonist licensed for oral or intrathecal administration to alleviate spasticity of voluntary muscle in patients with multiple sclerosis, spinal cord lesions, cerebral palsy, cerebrovascular accidents, traumatic head injury, and meningitis.Data on the use of baclofen in human pregnancy are derived from one small cohort study (presented in abstract only), case reports and two small case series (one presented only in abstract) and, as such, are too limited to accurately assess risks to the infant or pregnancy. An increased risk
Long-term outcomes of intraventricular baclofen therapy for medically refractory generalized secondary dystonia. Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) is commonly used to treat secondary generalized dystonia. Intraventricular baclofen (IVB) has been shown to be a safe alternative treatment with low complications. The objective of this study was to report the long-term effects of IVB. This retrospective %), infection in 1 (4%), and severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) in 1 (4%). The follow-up duration ranged from 1.2 to 16.7 years, with a median of 7.7 years and mean of 8.4 years. The baclofen dosage was twice as high in patients with metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders compared with those with cerebral palsy, TBI, and infection, with median dosages of 1455 μg/day and 725 μg/day, respectively. Both
Intraventricular baclofen for the treatment of pediatric spasticity in cerebral palsy: technique and outcomes. Intraventricular baclofen (IVB) administration is used for the treatment of secondary dystonia associated with cerebral palsy (CP), but it has not been reported as a first-line infusion technique for spasticity. In this study, the authors report outcomes of patients with mixed . These results provide evidence that IVB can be a safe and effective treatment for spasticity-related CP in addition to dystonia. IVB may be advantageous when an intraventricular route of baclofen administration is preferred.
Traditional Lecture Versus Procedural Video Randomized Trial: Comparative Analysis of Instructional Methods for Teaching Baclofen Pump Management. This study compared the effectiveness of traditional lectures and micro-videos in teaching baclofen pump programming and refilling to physicians who have completed less than ten refills for the previous two years. A mixed-method approach was employed -intervention, or knowledge retention scores were found between the traditional lecture and micro-video groups. Both methods demonstrated comparable effectiveness in improving the baclofen pump refilling and programming skills. Qualitatively, participants perceived both approaches as equally helpful, but those in the micro-video group raised concerns owing to instructors' unavailability and online platform
Role of Acamprosate and Baclofen as Anti-craving Agents in Alcohol Use Disorder: A 12-Week Prospective Study. Background Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is one of the most common substance use disorders globally. It is a chronic mental illness characterized by frequent relapses. Hence, preventing relapse is one of the most important aspects of the management of patients with AUD. Aims This study aimed to compare the role of acamprosate and baclofen as anti-craving agents in patients diagnosed with AUD. Settings and design This was a 12-week interventional follow-up study conducted in the Department of Psychiatry of S N Medical College, a tertiary care teaching hospital in Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. Methods and materials Patients with AUD were enrolled in the study. Following medical management
Intrathecal baclofen pump in pregnancy: case report, literature review, and management considerations. Baclofen, a gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor type B agonist in the central nervous system, is the first-line medication among central nervous system modulating agents for the treatment of neurogenic muscle spasticity. While baclofen is most often administered enterally, patients with severe spasticity may be candidates for baclofen delivered by intrathecal pump. Currently, there are only nine studies reporting on the use of intrathecal baclofen (ITB) during pregnancy and childbirth. We described a female patient with a history of childhood idiopathic spasticity of the bilateral lower extremities that was controlled by ITB pump who became pregnant in her late third decade of life and delivered
Prolonged administration of intrathecal baclofen in a patient with generalized grade 4 tetanus. This case report presents the management of a 62-year-old woman with generalized grade 4 tetanus, focusing on the innovative use of intrathecal baclofen (ITB) therapy. The patient initially presented with a laceration and subsequently developed severe tetanic spasms, necessitating interventions beyond standard tetanus immunoglobulin and antibiotics due to the condition's progressive and life-threatening nature. The preference for ITB over oral baclofen is highlighted, considering ITB's enhanced bioavailability in the central nervous system and its efficacy in reducing spinal cord reflexes, which is critical for managing severe spasticity.On her return to the emergency department with symptoms
Alcohol dependence: the risks of high-dose baclofen Prescrire IN ENGLISH - Spotlight ''Alcohol dependence: the risks of high-dose baclofen '', 1 November 2018 {1}##LOC[OK]## {1} ##LOC[OK]## ##LOC[Cancel]## {1}##LOC[OK]####LOC[Cancel]## Register online| Log in| My Prescrire Issue contents * Current issue * Last 12 issues * All issues Topics * Annual Prescrire Awards * Advancing * Subscribers: register online * Prescrire's other products * Free Special Edition * Sign up to receive the newsletter english.prescrire.org > Spotlight > 100 most recent > Alcohol dependence: the risks of high-dose baclofen SpotlightEvery month, the subjects in Prescrire’s Spotlight. 100 most recent: 1|10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80|90Spotlight * 100 most recent * ArchivesAlcohol dependence: the risks
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical response in alcohol dependent patients during baclofen treatment and association with clinical outcome: preliminary results. Baclofen has been shown to reduce alcohol consumption in some individuals with alcohol use disorder. This preliminary study aimed to evaluate i) the effect of baclofen versus placebo on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical activity (HPA-axis), as measured by cortisol, and ii) the relationship between clinical outcomes such as alcohol consumption on a randomised controlled trial of baclofen (BAC) versus placebo (PL) (Kirsten C. Morley et al., 2018; K. C. Morley, Leung, Baillie, & Haber, 2013). We hypothesised that baclofen will reduce HPA axis activity following a mild stressor in patients with alcohol dependence. Plasma
A Retrospective Comparison of the Effectiveness of Buprenorphine Versus Baclofen for Acute Opioid Withdrawal. A significant impediment to opioid cessation or dose reduction is mitigating withdrawal severity that has been shown to affect the course of opioid dependence. Current guidelines recommend the use of buprenorphine and methadone over alpha-2 adrenergic agonists. Baclofen, a GABA-B agonist , has promising results as an adjunct agent for opioid withdrawal but has not been compared to buprenorphine. This study compared the ability of buprenorphine and baclofen to mitigate acute opioid withdrawal. This was a single-center, retrospective chart review of 63 patients with diagnosed opioid use disorder that received scheduled buprenorphine or baclofen for 3 days, in addition to as-needed
Safety of baclofen versus tizanidine for older adults with musculoskeletal pain. Baclofen and tizanidine are both muscle relaxants that carry the risk for neuropsychiatric events in older adults but there is a lack of data directly comparing their safety. This study aimed to investigate the relative risk between these two medications in causing injury and delirium in older adults . This was a retrospective cohort study that was completed in an integrated healthcare system in the United States and included patients aged 65 years or older who started baclofen or tizanidine for the treatment of musculoskeletal pain from January 2016 through December 2018. Outcomes included new incidence of injury (concussion, contusion, dislocation, fall, fracture, or other injuries) and delirium. The cohort
Postoperative Use of the Muscle Relaxants Baclofen and/or Cyclobenzaprine Associated with an Increased Risk of Delirium Following Lumbar Fusion. Retrospective, single-center, cohort study. Investigate whether the incidence of postoperative delirium in older adults undergoing spinal fusion surgery is associated with postoperative muscle relaxant administration. Baclofen and cyclobenzaprine
Effects of the GABA(B) agonist baclofen on volitional swallowing in normal subjects. The GABA(B) receptor agonist baclofen is known to suppress the rate of spontaneous swallowing but not pharyngeal muscle contraction. The extent to which baclofen may alter volitional swallowing is not currently known. We investigated the effects of baclofen in healthy subjects, hypothesizing that baclofen exposure would alter volume-regulation and/or piecemeal deglutition behaviors during volitional swallowing attempts. Pharyngeal high-resolution manometry impedance (P-HRM-I) protocol was used to assess swallowing function of 22 healthy adult volunteers (median 29 years) who were investigated on two occasions, receiving 40 mg baclofen (oral) 1 h before study, or placebo (randomized). Standard swallow
Sex differences in the interrelations between stress, craving and alcohol consumption across individuals and time during baclofen treatment for alcohol dependence. Recent studies have suggested that females respond more favourably to baclofen treatment for alcohol use disorder. Females are generally more likely to drink to regulate stress reactivity and negative affect. This study thus aimed to evaluate the role of sex on the effect of baclofen on the relationship between daily alcohol consumption, stress and craving. A network analysis of fluctuations using vectorized autoregressive modelling was used to explore the relationship between daily surveys of alcohol consumption, stress and craving from daily diary data over 84 days from a randomised controlled trial of baclofen (30 mg or 75 mg per
Effects of baclofen on insular gain anticipation in alcohol-dependent patients - a randomized, placebo-controlled, pharmaco-fMRI pilot trial. One hallmark of addiction is an altered neuronal reward processing. In healthy individuals (HC), reduced activity in fronto-striatal regions including the insula has been observed when a reward anticipation task was performed repeatedly. This effect could indicate a desensitization of the neural reward system due to repetition. Here, we investigated this hypothesis in a cohort of patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD), who have been treated with baclofen or a placebo. The efficacy of baclofen in AUD patients has been shown to have positive clinical effects, possibly via indirectly affecting structures within the neuronal reward system. Twenty-eight
Does intrathecal baclofen alter the natural history of hip displacement? [10 March 2023: This article published in Early View has been temporarily removed because a data check process is underway. It will republish on 31 March 2023].