"Cefbuperazone"

* Cefminox‡ * Cefbuperazone

Comparative in vitro activity of cefbuperazone against anaerobic bacteria isolated from community hospitals. The activity of cefbuperazone against 266 strains of anaerobic bacteria was determined by the agar dilution method and compared with cefoxitin, moxalactam, piperacillin, and clindamycin. All strains were recent clinical isolates from community hospitals. All agents tested showed good activity against Bacteroides fragilis, Fusobacterium spp., Propionibacterium spp., Clostridium septicum, Clostridium perfringens, and the anaerobic, gram-positive cocci and gram-negative cocci. Cefbuperazone, cefoxitin, and moxalactam had poor activity against Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides ovatus, and Bacteroides distasonis. The susceptibility of other Clostridium spp., Lactobacillus spp

), followed by the carbapenems (Sch 34343, 4 micrograms/ml; imipenem, 8 micrograms/ml) and the antipseudomonas penicillins (piperacillin, 8 micrograms/ml; ticarcillin, 32 micrograms/ml; carbenicillin, 32 micrograms/ml). A monobactam (aztreonam) and most cephalosporins were either highly inactive (cefoxitin, cefuroxime, cefotiam, cefsulodin, ceftizoxime, cefbuperazone, and cefotaxime), with an MIC90

Antimicrobial activities of BMY-28142, cefbuperazone, and cefpiramide compared with those of other cephalosporins. The antimicrobial activities of BMY-28142, cefbuperazone (BMY-25182; formerly T-1982), and cefpiramide (WY-44635; formerly SM-1652) were compared with those of cefmenoxime, cefoperazone, cefotaxime, ceftizoxime, and moxalactam. BMY-28142 was the most active cephalosporin against the majority of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic microorganisms studied. Its spectrum of activity was very similar to that of cefotaxime. However, BMY-28142, cefbuperazone, cefmenoxime, cefotaxime, ceftizoxime, and moxalactam were equivalent in activity and rate of killing against members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Cefpiramide was considerably less active than the other cephalosporins against

In vitro activity of cefbuperazone, a new cephamycin, against anaerobic bacteria. The 90% MIC of cefbuperazone (BMY 25182) was 32 micrograms/ml for Bacteroides fragilis and Bacteroides spp., 128 micrograms/ml for Fusobacterium and Clostridium spp., 64 micrograms/ml for Eubacterium and Peptococcus spp., 8 micrograms/ml for Actinomyces spp., and 32 micrograms/ml for Peptostreptococcus spp . The level of activity of cefbuperazone was higher against B. fragilis and lower against anaerobic cocci than those of related cephalosporins, i.e., cefoxitin, cefoperazone, cefotaxime, ceftizoxime, and cefmenoxime. However, the activity of cefbuperazone was comparable to that of moxalactam against all groups tested. Size of inoculum and type of media used did not alter the MICs of cefbuperazone for B

In vitro activity of cefbuperazone against anaerobic bacteria. The in vitro activity of cefbuperazone was compared with that of cefoxitin, moxalactam, and piperacillin against 305 strains of anaerobic bacteria. Piperacillin was the most active overall, inhibiting 97% of all anaerobes tested at 128 micrograms/ml. Cefbuperazone had poor activity against the Bacteroides fragilis group

In vitro activity of Sch 34343 and cefbuperazone against anaerobic bacteria. The in vitro activities of Sch 34343, a new penem antibiotic, and cefbuperazone, a new cephamycin antibiotic, were determined against 459 clinical anaerobic bacterial isolates and compared with the activities of imipenem and cefoxitin, respectively, by an agar dilution method. Both penems showed potent and similar species, were relatively more resistant to either penem than other genera of anaerobic bacteria tested. Cefbuperazone demonstrated only modest activity against a wide spectrum of anaerobic bacteria. It had excellent and selective activity against B. fragilis and Bacteroides vulgatus but was highly inactive against Bacteroides distasonis and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron within the B. fragilis group. Both

In vitro activity of cefbuperazone compared with that of other new beta-lactam agents against anaerobic gram-negative bacilli and contribution of beta-lactamase to resistance. Cefbuperazone was compared with other currently available and investigational antibiotics against 278 clinical isolates of anaerobic gram-negative bacilli by an agar dilution method. Cefbuperazone and cefotetan were equally bacilli except imipenem, for which the minimum concentration required to inhibit 90% of all strains tested was 4 micrograms/ml. A 10,000-fold increase in inoculum size caused an increase in the MIC of ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, and cefoperazone but not of cefbuperazone, cefotetan, or cefoxitin. Investigation of the mechanism of resistance to cephalosporin-like agents demonstrated a correlation between

In vitro activity of cefbuperazone against Bacteroides spp. The activity of cefbuperazone was tested in vitro against 287 clinical isolates of Bacteroides spp. Cefbuperazone showed good activity against B. fragilis, B. vulgatus, and other Bacteroides species, comparable to that of cefoxitin. It was relatively ineffective against B. distasonis and the B. thetaiotaomicron-ovatus group

In vitro activity of cefbuperazone and other antimicrobial agents against isolates from the female genital tract. Cefbuperazone (BMY 25182), a new cephamycin, showed activity similar to those of moxalactam and other cephalosporin-cephamycins against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria from female genital tract infections. MICs of the antimicrobial agents were less than or equal to 16 micrograms/ml

activity was not observed with cefoperazone and cefbuperazone. The induction of beta-lactamase by cefmenoxime and the rate of hydrolysis of cefmenoxime in the culture broth were proportional to the initial concentration of this antibiotic. At high initial concentrations, cefmenoxime was rapidly inactivated. On the other hand, neither cefoperazone nor cefbuperazone was inactivated irrespective

Cephamycin inactivation due to enzymatic hydrolysis by beta-lactamase from Bacteroides fragilis. The susceptibility of 53 clinical isolates of Bacteroides fragilis to cephamycins was examined. Judging from the MICs for 50% of the strains tested, moxalactam was the most active, however, judging from the MICs for 90% of the strains tested, cefbuperazone was more effective than moxalactam

of body weight to rats at 2 and 8 h after infection of rat pouches with Serratia marcescens W-24, which possesses an inducible type I beta-lactamase (cephalosporinase). Subsequently, cefotaxime or cefbuperazone was administered at an intravenous dose of 100 mg/kg to rats at 24 h postinfection. Levels of cefotaxime in the pouch exudates of the cefmetazole-pretreated group were lower than those . On the other hand, cefbuperazone concentrations were similar in all groups (control, cefoperazone pretreated, and cefmetazole pretreated), because cefbuperazone is more stable against this enzyme than cefotaxime is. In conclusion, concentrations of secondarily administered beta-lactam antibiotics are affected by inducibly produced cephalosporinase at the infection site when a good inducer like cefmetazole

, potencies, and concentrations in tissues. This study was designed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of various cephem antibiotics in the exudate of the retroperitoneal space that is formed after radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. These cephem antibiotics were cefoxitin, cefotiam, cefotetan, cefpiramide, cefminox, cefotaxime, ceftizoxime, cefoperazone, cefmenoxime, cefbuperazone , ceftazidime, cefpimizole, flomoxef, and cefuzonam. The maximum concentrations after administration of a 1-g dose in the exudate of the pelvic retroperitoneal space were 37.9 micrograms/ml with cefminox, 30.3 micrograms/ml with cefpimizole, 21.6 micrograms/ml with flomoxef, 21.5 micrograms/ml with ceftazidime, and 17.6 micrograms/ml with cefbuperazone, which were relatively high. When selecting antibiotics

reduced activity against Proteus vulgaris at higher concentrations, whereas these paradoxical effects were not observed for other types of cephalosporins, such as cefbuperazone and cefoperazone. In this study, we compare the therapeutic effect of cefmenoxime with that of cefbuperazone and explore the in vivo paradoxical effect of cefmenoxime by using an experimental infection model in mice . In an intraperitoneal infection with P. vulgaris 11, the survival rate with cefmenoxime was increased to 43% at 3.13 mg/kg but was lower at higher doses. On the other hand, cefbuperazone did not show such a paradoxical therapeutic effect. In mice infected with P. vulgaris 11, cefmenoxime levels in both serum and peritoneal washings were rapidly reduced and beta-lactamase activities in the peritoneal cavity were

into "generations" is commonly practised, although the exact categorization is often imprecise. For example, the fourth generation of cephalosporins is not recognized as such in Japan.[citation needed] In Japan, cefaclor is classed as a first-generation cephalosporin, though in the United States it is a second-generation one; and cefbuperazone, cefminox, and cefotetan are classed as second-generation An Cefminox Cefbuperazone