"Chlortetracycline"

Antibiotic Chlortetracycline Causes Transgenerational Immunosuppression via NF-κB. The extensive and increasing global use of antibiotics results in the ubiquitous presence of antibiotics in the environment, which has made them "pseudo persistent organic contaminants." Despite numerous studies showing wide adverse effects of antibiotics on organisms, the chronic environmental risk of their exposure is unknown, and the molecular and cellular mechanisms of antibiotic toxicity remain unclear. Here, we systematically quantified transgenerational immune disturbances after chronic parental exposure to environmental levels of a common antibiotic, chlortetracycline (CTC), using zebrafish as a model. CTC strongly reduced the antibacterial activities of fish offspring by transgenerational

Effects of Ceftiofur and Chlortetracycline on the Resistomes of Feedlot Cattle Treatment of food-producing animals with antimicrobial drugs (AMD) is controversial because of concerns regarding promotion of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). To investigate this concern, resistance genes in metagenomic bovine fecal samples during a clinical trial were analyzed to assess the impacts of treatment on beef feedlot cattle resistomes. Four groups of cattle were exposed, using a 2-by-2 factorial design, to different regimens of antimicrobial treatment. Injections of ceftiofur crystalline-free acid (a third-generation cephalosporin) were used to treat all cattle in treatment pens or only a single animal, and either chlortetracycline was included in the feed of all cattle in a pen or the feed

Determination of Chlortetracycline Residues, Antimicrobial Activity and Presence of Resistance Genes in Droppings of Experimentally Treated Broiler Chickens Tetracyclines are important antimicrobial drugs for poultry farming that are actively excreted via feces and urine. Droppings are one of the main components in broiler bedding, which is commonly used as an organic fertilizer. Therefore , bedding becomes an unintended carrier of antimicrobial residues into the environment and may pose a highly significant threat to public health. For this depletion study, 60 broiler chickens were treated with 20% chlortetracycline (CTC) under therapeutic conditions. Concentrations of CTC and 4-epi-CTC were then determined in their droppings. Additionally, this work also aimed to detect the antimicrobial

Macleaya cordata helps improve the growth-promoting effect of chlortetracycline on broiler chickens Chlortetracycline (CTC), one kind of common antibiotic for prevention and treatment of various diseases, also exhibits good performance in accelerating the growth of livestock. Macleaya cordata, a traditional Chinese medicine, is usually used as a natural additive in livestock because of its anti

Chlortetracycline and florfenicol induce expression of genes associated with pathogenicity in multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium Multidrug-resistant (MDR) serovar Typhimurium (. Typhimurium) is a serious public health threat as infections caused by these strains are more difficult and expensive to treat. Livestock serve as a reservoir for MDR , and the antibiotics chlortetracycline and florfenicol are frequently administrated to food-producing animals to treat and prevent various diseases. Therefore, we evaluated the response of MDR . Typhimurium after exposure to these two antibiotics. We exposed four MDR . Typhimurium isolates to sub-inhibitory concentrations of chlortetracycline (16 and 32 µg/ml) or florfenicol (16 µg/ml) for 30 min during early-log phase

Efficacy of tiamulin alone or in combination with chlortetracycline against experimental Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection in chickens. Mycoplasma gallisepticum (M. gallisepticum) remains one of the most important diseases in poultry production. Controlling the impact of the disease is done by eradication of positive breeder flocks or by vaccination and medication. A widely used molecule . For this, broilers were infected with M. gallisepticum and treated with 10 mg or 25 mg tiamulin hydrogen fumarate (hf)/kg body weight (BW) for 5 successive days. In a second challenge study, the dose rate of tiamulin combined with chlortetracycline was tested. For this, broilers were infected with M. gallisepticum and treated with 6.25 mg tiamulin hf/18.75 mg chlortetracycline hydrochloride (hcl)/kg BW or 12.5 mg

Monte Carlo Simulations Suggest Current Chlortetracycline Drug-Residue Based Withdrawal Periods Would Not Control Antimicrobial Resistance Dissemination from Feedlot to Slaughterhouse Antimicrobial use in beef cattle can increase antimicrobial resistance prevalence in their enteric bacteria, including potential pathogens such as . These bacteria can contaminate animal products at slaughterhouses resistance in generic in the bovine large intestine during and after antimicrobial treatment by building a mathematical model of oral chlortetracycline pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics and population dynamics. We tracked three subpopulations (susceptible, intermediate, and resistant) during and after treatment with each of three United States chlortetracycline indications (liver abscess reduction

Residues of chlortetracycline, doxycycline and sulfadiazine-trimethoprim in intestinal content and feces of pigs due to cross-contamination of feed Cross-contamination of feed with low concentrations of antimicrobials can occur at production, transport and/or farm level. Concerns are rising about possible effects of this contaminated feed on resistance selection in the intestinal microbiota . Therefore, an experiment with pigs was set up, in which intestinal and fecal concentrations of chlortetracycline (CTC), doxycycline (DOX) and sulfadiazine-trimethoprim (SDZ-TRIM) were determined after administration of feed containing a 3 % carry-over level of these antimicrobials. The poor oral bioavailability of tetracyclines resulted in rather high concentrations in cecal and colonic content and feces

Effects of In-Feed Chlortetracycline Prophylaxis in Beef Cattle on Animal Health and Antimicrobial-Resistant Escherichia coli Concerns have been raised that in-feed chlortetracycline (CTC) may increase antimicrobial resistance (AMR), specifically tetracycline-resistant (TET) Escherichia coli and third-generation cephalosporin-resistant (3GC) E. coli We evaluated the impact of a 5-day in-feed CTC that prophylactic in-feed treatment of chlortetracycline administered for 5 days to calves entering feedlots is judicious, as this therapy reduced animal morbidity, reduced the use of antimicrobials more critical to human health, and had no long-term impact on the occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli.

Efficacy of chlortetracycline treatment on vulvar non-neoplastic epithelial disorders. To observe the effectiveness of chlortetracycline (aureomycin) treatment on vulval white lesions and to explore its possible pathogenesis. From January 2001 to April 2011, 194 patients with vulvar non-neoplastic epithelial disorders were divided into three groups according to therapy regimens received, ie , chlortetracycline treatment group (72 cases), chlortetracycline + beclomethasone treatment group (66 cases), and beclomethasone treatment group (56 cases); their local changes of vulvar lesions were observed and efficacy of these treatment profiles was evaluated after one year. Effective rates of chlortetracycline group, chlortetracycline + clobetasol group and clobetasol groups were 86.1% (62/72), 87.9% (58/66

Effect of oxytocin and PGF2α on chlortetracycline absorption from the uterus of early postpartum camels (Camelus dromedarius). Fifteen parturient camels given chlortetracycline (CTC) as intrauterine pessaries (3 g/head) were divided into the control group (n = 5), which remained untreated, oxytocin-treated group (50 IU, intramuscular; n = 5), and cloprostenol-treated group (Estrumate, 500 μg

Effects of chlortetracycline and copper supplementation on antimicrobial resistance of fecal Escherichia coli from weaned pigs. Feed-grade chlortetracycline (CTC) and copper are both widely utilized in U.S. pig production. Cluster randomized experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of CTC and copper supplementation in weaned pigs on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among fecal Escherichia

Pharmacokinetics of oral chlortetracycline in nonpregnant adult ewes The objectives of this study were to determine plasma concentrations and pharmacokinetic parameters of feed-grade chlortetracycline (CTC) in sheep after oral administration of 80 or 500 mg/head daily, divided into two equal doses given at 12-h intervals for 8 days. These are the approved, and commonly used but unapproved, feed

Effects of ceftiofur and chlortetracycline treatment strategies on antimicrobial susceptibility and on tet(A), tet(B), and bla CMY-2 resistance genes among E. coli isolated from the feces of feedlot cattle. A randomized controlled field trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of two sets of treatment strategies on ceftiofur and tetracycline resistance in feedlot cattle. The strategies consisted of ceftiofur crystalline-free acid (CCFA) administered to either one or all of the steers within a pen, followed by feeding or not feeding a therapeutic dose of chlortetracycline (CTC). Eighty-eight steers were randomly allocated to eight pens of 11 steers each. Both treatment regimens were randomly assigned to the pens in a two-way full factorial design. Non-type-specific (NTS) E. coli (n

Treatment of shoulder ulcers in sows - rubber mats and zinc ointment compared to chlortetracycline spray. Shoulder ulcers can have a significant impact on the welfare of sows. In Denmark, rubber mats are used for treatment of shoulder ulcers. The objective of the study was to compare a treatment consisting of a combination of rubber mats and zinc ointment with the effect of local antibiotic spray (chlortetracycline) on shoulder ulcers. A total of 304 sows with shoulder ulcers were observed shortly after farrowing (day 1) and on days 14 and 21 after the first observation. The sows were paired according to the grade of the shoulder ulcer using the official Danish scoring system. From each pair of sows, one sow was allocated to mat group (M) and the other to an antibiotic group

Impact of subtherapeutic administration of tylosin and chlortetracycline on antimicrobial resistance in farrow-to-finish swine. The use of antimicrobial agents in swine production at subtherapeutic concentrations for the purpose of growth promotion remains controversial due to the potential impact on public health. Beginning at weaning (3 weeks), pigs received either nonmedicated feed or feed supplemented with subtherapeutic levels of either tylosin (11-44 ppm) or chlortetracycline (5.5 ppm). After only 3 weeks, pigs given feed supplemented with tylosin had significantly higher levels of tylosin-resistant anaerobes (P < 0.0001) compared with the control group, increasing from 11.8% to 89.6%, a level which was stable for the duration of the study, even after a 2-week withdrawal prior to slaughter

Chronic exposure to the mycotoxin T-2 promotes oral absorption of chlortetracycline in pigs. The aim of this study was to investigate whether T-2 toxin, a potent Fusarium mycotoxin, affects the oral absorption of the antibiotic chlortetracycline in pigs. Animals were allocated to blank feed without T-2 toxin (controls), feed containing 111 μg T-2/kg feed, T-2-contaminated feed supplemented with a yeast-derived feed additive, or blank feed supplemented solely with the feed additive, respectively. After 21 days, an intragastric bolus of chlortetracycline was given to assess potential alterations in the pharmacokinetics of this commonly used antibiotic. A significantly higher area under the plasma concentration-time curve and maximal plasma concentration of chlortetracycline was observed after

of the reconstituted vaccine is not less than 2.5 IU per 1.0ml dose. It contains traces of amphotericin B, chlortetracycline and neomycin. The cell-culture derived rabies vaccines may be used interchangeably to provide protection pre- or post- exposure (Cabasso et al., 1974; Turner et al., 1982; Fekadu et al., 1988; Briggs et al., 1992; Strady et al., 1998; Strady et al., 2000). Intramuscular immunisation

experiments with the same antibiotic treatments were conducted on the same research farm but in two different facilities (nursery and wean-finish) using pigs weaned at 20-days of age from the same source herd and genotype, and fed the same diets formulated without antibiotics (NC) or with 0.01% chlortetracycline and 0.01% sulfamethazine (AB). Pigs were weighed and feed disappearance was determined on days