"Cutaneous leishmaniasis"

Mucosal leishmaniasis is associated with the Leishmania RNA virus and inappropriate cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment. Mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) is a severe clinical form of leishmaniasis that is characterized by the destruction of the nasal and/or the oral mucosae and appears as a late complication in 5% to 10% of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) cases produced by species belonging to Leishmania

Unveiling the hidden burden: Exploring the psychosocial impact of cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions and scars in southern Ethiopia. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) poses a major public health concern in Ethiopia, with lesions and scars commonly affecting exposed body parts, resulting in physical, social, and psychological consequences. This study aims to assess the psychosocial impacts of CL , shedding light on the experiences and perceptions of affected individuals, thus contributing to the knowledge on Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Ethiopia and informing public health interventions to address its psychosocial effects. Using a descriptive phenomenological design, the study explored the lived experiences of individuals with Cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions and scars. Participants were purposively

Eosinophils of patients with localized and diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis: Differential response to Leishmania mexicana, with insights into mechanisms of damage inflicted upon the parasites by eosinophils. Eosinophils are mainly associated with parasitic infections and allergic manifestations. They produce many biologically active substances that contribute to the destruction of pathogens through the degranulation of microbicidal components and inflammatory tissue effects. In leishmaniasis, eosinophils have been found within inflammatory infiltrate with protective immunity against the parasite. We analyzed the responses of eosinophils from patients with localized (LCL) and diffuse (DCL) cutaneous leishmaniasis, as well as from healthy subjects, when exposed to Leishmania mexicana. All

Quality of life of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis: A comparative analysis of the EQ-5D-3L and CLIQ questionnaires. To evaluate the performance of the Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Impact Questionnaire (CLIQ) using the EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D-3L) as a reference standard (criterion validation); to evaluate the responsiveness of the instruments and estimate a cut-off point for the CLIQ to be able to discriminate between high and low impacts of cutaneous leishmaniasis on patients. Between 2020 and 2022, a longitudinal validation study was conducted at a reference centre for leishmaniasis in Brazil. The EQ-5D-3L and CLIQ questionnaires were administered before, during and after treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis. The correlation between the instruments was assessed using Spearman's

Development and accuracy evaluation of a new loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay targeting the HSP70 gene for the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a global public health problem caused by species on the genus Leishmania and is the most prevalent clinical form of leishmaniasis. The aim of this study was to develop a new LAMP assay for Leishmania sp

Prevalence and risk factors of cutaneous leishmaniasis in a newly identified endemic site in South-Ethiopia. Although there are several areas in southern Ethiopia environmentally favourable for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), studies on the existence and risk factors of CL are lacking beyond a few well-known hotspots. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of CL in Bilala Shaye

Safety profile of miltefosine in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected tropical disease that poses a significant public health challenge in Brazil and worldwide. Miltefosine, the only orally administered drug available for CL, was recently incorporated into Brazil's treatment protocols following recommendations by the World Health Organization (WHO

Effect of flood on the cutaneous leishmaniasis incidence in northeast of Iran: an interrupted time series study. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is a zoonosis infection which is endemic in more than 100 countries in Asia, Africa, Europe and America. It was estimated that nearly 20 thousand of new cases are reported in Iran annually. This study aimed to investigate the impact of floods

Bacterial isolates and drug susceptibility patterns in infected lesions of cutaneous leishmaniasis patients at ALERT hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Bacterial infections commonly complicate cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), worsening the disease and delaying healing. Despite this, there is a gap in research concerning the characteristics of pathogenic microorganisms associated in CL patients

Advancing AI-driven thematic analysis in qualitative research: a comparative study of nine generative models on Cutaneous Leishmaniasis data. As part of qualitative research, the thematic analysis is time-consuming and technical. The rise of generative artificial intelligence (A.I.), especially large language models, has brought hope in enhancing and partly automating thematic analysis . The study assessed the relative efficacy of conventional against AI-assisted thematic analysis when investigating the psychosocial impact of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) scars. Four hundred forty-eight participant responses from a core study were analysed comparing nine A.I. generative models: Llama 3.1 405B, Claude 3.5 Sonnet, NotebookLM, Gemini 1.5 Advanced Ultra, ChatGPT o1-Pro, ChatGPT o1, GrokV2

Borderline Disseminated (Intermediate) Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Case-Based Approach to Diagnosis and Clinical Management in Pediatric Population. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected tropical disease with diverse clinical manifestations, ranging from localized CL to severe forms such as diffuse CL and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. Borderline disseminated CL (BDCL), an intermediate form

Incidence and prediction of cutaneous leishmaniasis cases and its related factors in an endemic area of Southeast Morocco: Time series analysis. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected vector-borne disease that poses a serious health problem in many countries including Morocco. The present study aimed to determine the incidence and trend of CL from 2018 to 2022 and its forecast for 2024 -2026

Can cutaneous leishmaniasis provoke a resurgence of kala-azar in the Indian subcontinent? The ongoing kala-azar elimination program in Nepal is based on the assumption of anthroponotic transmission of the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani. This parasite species was recently also found in lesions of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) cases, which are increasingly reported mainly from western Nepal in Nepal with previously described L. donovani isolates. A case series study was carried out in sentinel dermatological sites in Western Nepal. Skin punch biopsies were collected from clinically suspected CL lesions. Molecular tests based on the ribosomal RNA gene array were used to detect and characterize the Leishmania parasites. Leishmania parasites detected in 26 cutaneous leishmaniasis patients were

Investigating the Macrophage Polarization in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is reported as the most neglected tropical disease. The polarization of macrophages such as M1 or M2 phenotypes significantly affects the development of leishmaniasis disease. However, the accurate immune responses behind the macrophage polarization process in cutaneous Leishmaniasis are poorly understood. This study was designed to determine the status of macrophage polarization in cutaneous Leishmaniasis. This case-control study was conducted at Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Saudi Arabia, from January to December 2023. Patients aged 18 to 65 yrs diagnosed with cutaneous Leishmaniasis were included. Patients with other immunocompromising conditions (e.g., HIV infection), those

Spatio-Temporal Modeling of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis under Climate Change Scenarios in the Maghreb Region (2021-2100). Climate change presents a significant challenge to global public health, especially regarding vector-borne diseases such as cutaneous leishmaniasis. This study aims to investigate the impact of climate change on the distribution of CL in North Africa, with a focus on Algeria

Circulating Soluble Factors and T-Cell Subsets as Immunological Predictors of Therapy Response in Human Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Human cutaneous leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease caused by Leishmania braziliensis, presents treatment challenges due to varying therapeutic responses. Current therapies often encounter limited efficacy and treatment failure, demanding a deeper understanding of immunopathogenesis and predictive markers. We explored the immunological determinants influencing therapy response in human cutaneous leishmaniasis, focusing on the intricate host-parasite immune interactions. We evaluated blood and lesions from the same individuals before therapeutic intervention and followed the patients for 60 days to determine treatment efficacy. We employed multiparameter flow cytometry

Cytokine Production in Response to Soluble Leishmania Aethiopica Antigen by Whole Blood Cells from Patients with Different Clinical Presentations of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), a parasitic disease caused by Leishmania aethiopica, is a major health problem in Ethiopia. It presents mostly as three different clinical forms: localized CL characterized by small lesions

Variants of NOD2 in Leishmania guyanensis-infected patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis and correlations with plasma circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines. Leishmaniases, a group of vector-borne diseases, are caused by the protozoan intracellular parasite Leishmania (L.) and are transmitted by the phlebotomine sandflies. A wide range of clinical manifestations in L- infection is observed . The clinical outcome ranges from asymptomatic, cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) to severe mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) or visceral leishmaniasis (VL), depending on the L. species. Interestingly, only a fraction of L.-infected individuals progress to disease development, suggesting a key role of host genetics in the clinical outcome. NOD2 plays a critical role in the control of host defense and inflammation

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of the rural community about cutaneous leishmaniasis in Wolaita zone, southern Ethiopia. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected tropical disease that is caused by a Leishmania parasite and transmitted by the bite of infected female sandflies. Community awareness is an essential component of disease control and prevention. Therefore, this study aimed

Cytokine and phenotypic cell profiles in human cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania donovani. The innate immune mediators are likely to influence the clinical phenotype of leishmaniasis by primary responses which limit or facilitate the spread of the parasite, as well as by modulating adaptive immunity. This study investigated the response of key innate immune cells in a focus which regularly reports localised cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) caused by Leishmania donovani, a species which typically causes visceral disease. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) derived macrophages and dendritic cells from patients with LCL and healthy controls from endemic and non-endemic areas, were stimulated with soluble Leishmania antigen (SLA). Inflammatory mediators produced by macrophages (TNF