"Cytokine storm"

The wide spectrum anti-inflammatory activity of andrographolide in comparison to NSAIDs: A promising therapeutic compound against the cytokine storm. The challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic have highlighted an increasing clinical demand for safe and effective treatment options against an overzealous immune defence response, also known as the "cytokine storm". Andrographolide is a naturally on the human endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule (ELAM9) (E-selectin) transfected RAW264.7 cells with green fluorescent protein (GFP). Andrographolide exhibited broad and potent anti-inflammatory and cytokine-inhibiting activity in both cell lines by inhibiting the release of IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ, which are known to play a key role in the etiology of cytokine storm and the pathogenesis of inflammation

The Imperfect Cytokine Storm: Severe COVID-19 with ARDS in Patient on Durable LVAD Support The Imperfect Cytokine Storm: Severe COVID-19 With ARDS in a Patient on Durable LVAD Support | JACC: Case Reports Skip to main content SearchSearch * All Journals * JACC * JACC: Asia * JACC: Advances * JACC: BTS * JACC: CardioOnc * JACC: Imaging * JACC: Interventions * JACC: Case Reports * JACC: Clinical EP * JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions * JACC: Case Reports * JACC: Clinical Electrophysiology * JACC: Heart Failure * Topics * Guidelines * Author Center * CME/MOC * Events * JACC Patient Care Pathways * * JACC: Case Reports * Current Issue * Just Accepted * ArchivesJACC Journals › JACC: Case Reports › Archives › Vol. 2 No. 9 Previous NextThe Imperfect Cytokine Storm: Severe COVID-19

Myocarditis and neutrophil-mediated vascular leakage but not cytokine storm associated with fatal murine leptospirosis. Leptospirosis is a globally neglected re-emerging zoonosis affecting all mammals, albeit with variable outcomes. Humans are susceptible to leptospirosis; infection with Leptospira interrogans species can cause severe disease in humans, with multi-organ failure, mainly affecting and leucocyte population were assessed by qPCR, ELISA, cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Neither lung, liver, pancreas or kidney damage nor massive necroptosis or cytokine storm could explain the lethality. Although we did not find pro-inflammatory cytokines, we did find elevated levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and the chemokine RANTES in the serum and organs of Leptospira-infected mice

Elastin-targeted nanoparticles delivering doxycycline mitigate cytokine storm and reduce immune cell infiltration in LPS-mediated lung inflammation. Cytokine storm invoked during acute and chronic lung injury promotes alveolar damage and remodeling. The current study shows that degraded elastin-targeted nanoparticles releasing doxycycline (Doxy NPs) are potent in mitigating cytokines storm , migration of immune cells in the lungs, and inhibiting inflammasome pathways in the LPS mouse model. Cytokine storm and lung injury were induced using LPS and elastase in C57BL/6 mice (rodent model for emphysema). The mice were then treated with I.V. Doxy NPs, blank NPs, or Doxy a day before LPS administration. Cytokine levels, immune cell population, and MMP activity were analyzed in broncheo-alveolar

The Scutellaria-Coptis herb couple and its active small-molecule ingredient wogonoside alleviate cytokine storm by regulating the CD39/NLRP3/GSDMD signaling pathway. A drug pair is a fundamental aspect of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Coptis chinensis Franch, commonly used as an herb couple (SBCC), are representative heat-clearing and dampness -drying drugs. They possess functions such as clearing heat, drying dampness, purging fire, and detoxifying. These herbs are used in both traditional and modern medicine for treating inflammation. This study investigated the effects of SBCC on cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) and explored its potential regulatory mechanism. We assessed the impact of SBCC in a sepsis-induced acute lung injury mouse model

No Evidence of Progressive Proinflammatory Cytokine Storm in Brain-dead Organ Donors-A Time-course Analysis Using Clinical Samples. Solid organ transplantation is a cost-effective treatment for end-stage organ failure. Organ donation after brain death is an important source of transplanted organs. Data are limited on the effects of brain injury or donor management on grafts. The consensus view

Leucine alleviates cytokine storm syndrome by regulating macrophage polarization via the mTORC1/LXRα signaling pathway. Cytokine storms are associated with severe pathological damage and death in some diseases. Excessive activation of M1 macrophages and the subsequent secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines are a major cause of cytokine storms. Therefore, promoting the polarization of M2 macrophages to restore immune balance is a promising therapeutic strategy for treating cytokine storm syndrome (CSS). This study was aimed at investigating the potential protective effects of leucine on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced CSS in mice and exploring the underlying mechanisms. CSS was induced by LPS administration in mice, which were concurrently administered leucine orally. In vitro, bone marrow

Neutrophil-macrophage communication via extracellular vesicle transfer promotes itaconate accumulation and ameliorates cytokine storm syndrome. Cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) is a life-threatening systemic inflammatory syndrome involving innate immune hyperactivity triggered by various therapies, infections, and autoimmune conditions. However, the potential interplay between innate immune cells is not fully understood. Here, using poly I:C and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine storm models, a protective role of neutrophils through the modulation of macrophage activation was identified in a CSS model. Intravital imaging revealed neutrophil-derived extracellular vesicles (NDEVs) in the liver and spleen, which were captured by macrophages. NDEVs suppressed proinflammatory cytokine production

Bailixiang tea, an herbal medicine formula, co-suppresses TLR2/MAPK8 and TLR2/NF-κB signaling pathways to protect against LPS-triggered cytokine storm in mice. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has shown notable effectiveness and safety in managing illnesses linked to cytokine storm(CS). Bailixiang tea (BLX), an herbal medicine formula, which is a compound Chinese medicine composed of Thymus analysis, it was revealed that BLX specifically targeted and regulated TLR2/MAPK8 and TLR2/NF-κB signaling pathways, which play a crucial role in the production of key cytokines. The findings of this study demonstrate that Bailixiang tea possesses the ability to alleviate lung tissue damage and inhibit the development of LPS-induced cytokine storm in mice. These effects are attributed to the tea's

High mortality of Acinetobacter baumannii infection is attributed to macrophage-mediated induction of cytokine storm but preventable by naproxen. The continuous emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab) strains poses further challenges in its control and clinical management. It is necessary to decipher the mechanisms underlying the high mortality of Ab infections storms. The results highlighted the critical role of alveolar and interstitial macrophages as targets of Ab during the infection process. These cells were found to undergo polarization towards the M1 phenotype, triggering a cytokine storm that eventually caused the death of the host. The polarization and excessive inflammatory response mediated by macrophages were mainly regulated by the TLR2/Myd88/NF

Role of DOCK8 in Cytokine Storm Syndromes. Cytokine storm syndromes (CSS), including hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), are increasingly recognized as hyperinflammatory states leading to multi-organ failure and death. Familial HLH (FHL) in infancy results from homozygous genetic defects in perforin-mediated cytolysis by CD8 T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. Later onset CSS

Beclin 1 prevents ISG15-mediated cytokine storms to secure fetal hematopoiesis and survival. Proper control of inflammatory responses is essential for embryonic development, but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we show that under physiological conditions, inactivation of ISG15, an inflammation amplifier, is associated with the interaction of Beclin 1 (Becn1), via its ECD axis remains functional in autophagy-disrupted fetal hematopoietic organs. These results suggest that Becn1, in an autophagy-independent manner, secures hematopoiesis and survival of the fetus by directly inhibiting STAT3-ISG15 activation to prevent cytokine storms. Our findings highlight a previously undocumented role of Becn1 in governing ISG15 to safeguard the fetus.

Features of hyperinflammation link the biology of EBV infection and cytokine storm syndromes. Overt immune activation by viral infections can lead to cytokine storm syndromes, such as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and macrophage activation syndrome (MAS). We aim to compare the immune response to different viral pathogens to understand the connection between infections and cytokine storm syndromes. We recruited children who presented to the emergency room with fever for ≥ 3 days. We performed immune profiling using Olink proximity extension assay and flow cytometry. We compared the findings with cases of HLH, MAS, Kawasaki disease (KD), and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). We enrolled 352 febrile patients and studied 110 cases with confirmed common viral

The Effect of Weekly 50,000 IU Vitamin D(3) Supplements on the Serum Levels of Selected Cytokines Involved in Cytokine Storm: A Randomized Clinical Trial in Adults with Vitamin D Deficiency. This research aimed to evaluate the effects of high-dose cholecalciferol (VD) supplements (50,000 IU/week) on selected circulating cytokines associated with cytokine storms in adults with vitamin D supplementation significantly increased the serum levels of 25OHD, IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β, and leptin compared with baseline. In contrast, the serum level of TNF-α insignificantly increased in the group receiving vitamin D supplementation. Although the observations of this trial may refer to a potential negative effect of VD supplementation during cytokine storms, further trials are required to clarify

Study on the Characteristics of Early Cytokine Storm Response to Cardiac Surgery. Cardiac surgery can provoke an acute cytokine storm that may contribute to the development of postoperative multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. We prospectively observed patients undergoing cardiac surgery and divided them into two groups: the severe group and the mild group. Healthy individuals were enrolled were significantly higher in the severe group. Principal component analysis was used to establish a cytokine storm intensity curve, which represented the overall trend of 10 cytokines. The peak concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and IL-16 were 425.1, 198.5, and 623.0 pg/mL, which were more than 1,200, 1,800, and 240 times the normal level, respectively. The maximum cytokine storm intensity

Ferritin-induced NETs lead to cytokine storm in AOSD. New research reveals that ferritin has an essential role in neutrophil extracellular trap (NET)-mediated inflammation, and suggests that NETs or the ferritin receptor MSR1 could be targeted for the treatment of adult-onset Still disease.

Efficacy of plasmapheresis in neutropenic patients suffering from cytokine storm because of severe COVID-19 infection. With the emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and inability of healthcare systems to control the disease, various therapeutic theories with controversial responses have been proposed. Plasmapheresis was administered as a medication. However, the knowledge of its

Therapeutic plasma exchange in the treatment of COVID-19 induced cytokine storm: the first Moroccan experience. COVID-19 induced cytokine storm is a well-documented phenomena that contributes significantly in the disease's evolution and prognosis. Therefore, therapies such as therapeutic plasma exchange, constitute a mainstay of therapeutic management especially for critically-ill patients. We of therapeutic plasma exchange in the COVID-19 induced cytokine storm. Given the urgent character of the pandemic at the time, each center followed its own protocol in implementing plasma exchange. Similar to the results reported in the literature, our study reports positive results after using TPE specifically in terms of respiratory weaning and an improvement of the cytokine storm biomarkers, and more

The nuclear cytokine IL-37a controls lethal cytokine storms primarily via IL-1R8-independent transcriptional upregulation of PPARγ. Cytokine storms are crucial in the development of various inflammatory diseases, including sepsis and autoimmune disorders. The immunosuppressive cytokine INTERLEUKIN (IL)-37 consists of five isoforms (IL-37a-e). We identified IL-37a as a nuclear cytokine

Impact of Treatment with Antioxidants as an Adjuvant to Standard Therapy in Patients with Septic Shock: Analysis of the Correlation between Cytokine Storm and Oxidative Stress and Therapeutic Effects. Cellular homeostasis is lost or becomes dysfunctional during septic shock due to the activation of the inflammatory response and the deregulation of oxidative stress. Antioxidant therapy