Dichlorvos EXPOSURE TO DICHLORVOS IN PREGNANCY 0344 892 0909Public Health England EXPOSURE TO DICHLORVOS IN PREGNANCYView printable version (Date of issue: November 2018, Version: 1.2) This is a UKTIS monograph for use by health care professionals. For case-specific advice please contact UKTIS on 0344 892 0909. To report an exposure please download and complete a pregnancy reporting form. Please may also be associated with other concomitant risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes. As such, it is difficult to investigate and draw conclusions regarding the safety of gestational exposure to any one specific pesticide or group of pesticides.The available data concerning maternal dichlorvos exposure in pregnancy are highly limited. No studies have investigated the risk of congenital
Omics for understanding the tolerant mechanism of Trichoderma asperellum TJ01 to organophosphorus pesticide dichlorvos Though it is toxic to humans, dichlorvos is a widely used chemical pesticide and plays an important role in the control of plant pests. The application of a combination of the biocontrol agent Trichoderma with dichlorvos may reduce the need for chemical pesticides. Therefore , revealing the specific molecular mechanism of Trichoderma tolerance to dichlorvos has become particularly important. In this study, using transcriptome and metabolome analyses, changes in primary and secondary metabolisms in Trichoderma asperellum TJ01 were comprehensively studied in the presence of dichlorvos. A novel CH zinc finger protein gene, zinc finger chimera 1 (zfc1), was discovered
In Vitro Cysteine Reactivates Organophosphate Insecticide Dichlorvos-Inhibited Human Cholinesterases Organophosphate (OP) pesticides inhibit both red blood cell (RBC) and plasma cholinesterases (ChEs). Oximes, especially pralidoxime (2-PAM), are widely used as antidotes to treat OP poisoning. In addition, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is sometimes used as an adjuvant antidote. The current study aimed to assess the feasibility of using NAC as a single therapeutic agent for OP poisoning in comparison to 2-PAM. This study was carried out at the Razi Drug Research Center of Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, between April and September 2014. A total of 22 healthy human subjects were recruited and 8 mL citrated blood samples were drawn from each subject. Dichlorvos-inhibited blood samples
Taurine abated subacute dichlorvos toxicity The aim of the study was to determine the effects of taurine in rats exposed to subacute dichlorvos toxicity. Fifty rats were weighed and assigned into five groups of ten rats each. The groups received: distilled water, soya oil (1 ml/kg), taurine (50 mg/kg), dichlorvos (10 mg/kg) and the combination treatment group received taurine first and then dichlorvos 30 min later. The treatments were administered once daily by oral gavage for 4 weeks. The rats were euthanized and blood samples were collected after the termination of the study. Serum samples were analysed for malondialdehyde concentration and activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase). Dichlorvos increased malondialdehyde concentration and reduced the activities
In Vivo Sub-chronic Treatment with Dichlorvos in Young Rats Promotes Synaptic Plasticity and Learning by a Mechanism that Involves Acylpeptide Hydrolase Instead of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition. Correlation with Endogenous β-Amyloid Levels Acylpeptide hydrolase (APEH) is a serine hydrolase that displays two catalytic activities, acting both as an exopeptidase toward short -acylated peptides and as an endopeptidase toward oxidized peptides or proteins. It has been demonstrated that this enzyme can degrade monomers, dimers, and trimers of the Aβ peptide in the conditioned media of neuroblastoma cells. In a previous report, we showed that the specific inhibition of this enzyme by the organophosphate molecule dichlorvos (DDVP) triggers an enhancement of long-term potentiation in rat hippocampal slices
Protection studies of new bis quaternary 2-(hydroxyimino)-N-(pyridin-3yl) acetamide derivatives (HNK-series) oximes against acute poisoning by dichlorvos (DDVP) in Swiss albino mice The available antidotal therapy against acute poisoning by organophosphates involves the use of atropine alone or in combination with one of the oximes, e.g. 2-PAM, Obidoxime, TMB-4 or HI-6. Each of these oximes has
Protective manifestation of bacoside A and bromelain in terms of cholinesterases, gamma-amino butyric acid, serotonin level and stress proteins in the brain of dichlorvos-intoxicated mice The objective of the study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of bacoside A and bromelain against dichlorvos-incited toxicity. Healthy 6-8-week old, male Swiss mice were administered subacute doses of dichlorvos (40 mg/kg bw), bacoside A (5 mg/kg bw) and bromelain (70 mg/kg bw). AChE, BChE, GABA, serotonin and total protein content and their expressions were used for determination of toxic action of dichlorvos. Protective effects of bacoside A and bromelain were evaluated on the same parameters. Exposure to dichlorvos leads to significant decline in activities of AChE (p < 0.01, p < 0.001), BChE (p
Polyphenol-rich fraction of Parquetina nigrescens mitigates dichlorvos-induced neurotoxicity and apoptosis Parquetina nigrescens (Afzel.) Bullock of the family Asclepiadaceae is known for its antioxidant effects with wide range of uses in Southwestern Nigeria especially in traditional medicine. This study was undertaken to explore if polyphenol-rich fraction (prf) from P. nigrescens will ameliorate dichlorvos-induced neurotoxicity and apoptosis. The exploration utilized evaluation of markers of oxidative stress, apoptosis and serum acetylcholinesterase (AchE) levels. Forty Wistar rats randomly placed in four groups were utilized for the study. Animals in Group A received corn oil, group B- dichlorvos (16 mg/kg), groups C and D- dichlorvos + 100 and 200 mg/kg prf of P. nigrescens
Identification of genes involved in pyrethroid-, propoxur-, and dichlorvos- insecticides resistance in the mosquitoes, Culex pipiens complex (Diptera: Culicidae). Culex pipiens pallens and Cx. p. quinquefasciatus are important vectors of many diseases, such as West Nile fever and lymphatic filariasis. The widespread use of insecticides to control these disease vectors and other insect pests has
Haematological, Biochemical and Antioxidant Changes in Wistar Rats Exposed to Dichlorvos Based Insecticide Formulation Used in Southeast Nigeria The indiscriminate use of pesticide is a treat to non-target organisms. This study evaluates the haematological and biochemical changes induced by inhalation of local Nigerian dichlorvos insecticide on rats. The rats were randomly assigned to a control
Determination of dichlorvos residue levels in vegetables sold in Lusaka, Zambia Small scale and large scale farmers around Lusaka, the capital city of Zambia grow vegetables using intensive agriculture methods to satisfy the ever increasing demand. To ensure maximum yield they apply various types of pesticides to control pests and diseases that attack these vegetables. Organophosphate pesticides of dichlorvos were significantly above the maximum accepted limit as set by Zambian Food and Drugs Act on vegetables. Locally grown vegetables from around Lusaka have higher than maximum acceptable limits. This may have implications on human health as the cumulative effect of organophosphates in human body has potential to cause long term health problems.
Dichlorvos Induced Autoimmune Hepatitis: A Case Report and Review of Literature Drug-induced liver injury is a frequent cause of hepatic dysfunction. Several drugs have been identified to cause autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Environmental chemicals are capable of triggering a certain degree of liver injury. However, toxin induced AIH is rare. We reported a woman with chronic (long-term) exposures to dichlorvos, which resulted in liver injury and cirrhosis. She was diagnosed after a second liver biopsy, which was correlated with laboratory findings. At the same time, she experienced hepatic cortical blindness during her first admission. Chronic (long-term) exposures to dichlorvos can lead to AIH. A detailed inquiry of medical history and liver biopsy are necessary for the diagnosis of toxin-induced AIH
Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Acylpeptide Hydrolase Bound to Chlorpyrifosmethyl Oxon and Dichlorvos Acylpeptide hydrolases (APHs) catalyze the removal of N-acylated amino acids from blocked peptides. Like other prolyloligopeptidase (POP) family members, APHs are believed to be important targets for drug design. To date, the binding pose of organophosphorus (OP) compounds of APH, as well as the different OP compounds binding and inducing conformational changes in two domains, namely, α/β hydrolase and β-propeller, remain poorly understood. We report a computational study of APH bound to chlorpyrifosmethyl oxon and dichlorvos. In our docking study, Val471 and Gly368 are important residues for chlorpyrifosmethyl oxon and dichlorvos binding. Molecular dynamics simulations were also performed
The consequence of dichlorvos exposure on blood glucose concentration: A systematic review and meta-analysis PROSPEROInternational prospective register of systematic reviews Print | PDFThe consequence of dichlorvos exposure on blood glucose concentration: A systematic review and meta-analysisSanda Aung, Norlelawati A. Talib, Nor Zamzila Abdullah, Wan Muhamad Salahudin Wan Salleh, Izzati Salihah Ahmad JohariCitationSanda Aung, Norlelawati A. Talib, Nor Zamzila Abdullah, Wan Muhamad Salahudin Wan Salleh, Izzati Salihah Ahmad Johari. The consequence of dichlorvos exposure on blood glucose concentration: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PROSPERO 2022 CRD42022367797 Available from: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022367797Review question [1 change
Anticonvulsant Effect of Diazoxide against Dichlorvos-Induced Seizures in Mice Dichlorvos, a synthetic organophosphate toxin, is used as pesticides. These toxins can be used as pesticides in farming and medicine for the devastation and/or elimination of ectoparasites of animals. Reports have shown that Dichlorvos generate seizure effects in various animals. Potassium channel opener is extensively used for medication of cardiovascular and other diseases. Studies have shown that potassium channel opener has anticonvulsant effects in different animal models. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of dizoxide on Dichlorvos-induced seizures in mice. In this research, the animals received different doses of Diazoxide (1, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg b.wt.) intraperitoneally 30 min before
, diazinon, and dichlorvos among farmers diagnosed with all three types of cancers while the non-farmers and healthy controls were not detected with any such residues. In addition, farmers diagnosed with leukemia had higher levels of all the pesticide residues in their plasma than those diagnosed with lymphoma and breast cancers. Further, a significant difference was also observed between profenofos
as the pesticide dichlorvos, followed by treatment-dependent temperature and humidity conditions. Flies were sacrificed at intervals within a 14 day postexposure period. Fly guts were extracted and analyzed with the LC-MS/MS method. The amount of CWA simulant in fly guts decreased with time following exposure but were detectable 14 days following exposure, giving a long window of detectability. In addition