"Ectopic thymus"

Ectopic Thymus: An Unusual Case of Subglottic Mass. The aim of our study is to report a case of a child with subglottic thymus that was suspected during diagnostic work-up for severe airway obstruction, excised surgically and confirmed with final histopathological examination. Moreover, we performed a narrative literature review to outline clinical and diagnostic features of this rare condition and to report suggestions for the management of subglottic masses. We report the case of a 7-month-old boy who was admitted to our Pediatric Airway Team Unit due to a history of worsening biphasic stridor and recurrent episodes of upper airway obstruction. The successful diagnostic work-up and a narrative literature of analogous cases of subglottic thymus were reported. Ectopic thymus is a very rare condition

Intrathyroidal ectopic thymus in children: A benign lesion. As ultrasound is commonly used these days, more and more lesions are found incidentally, including simple cysts, isoechoic nodules, and hypoechoic nodules, such as ectopic thymus. We here report the prevalence of ectopic thymus and its natural course.We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 690 subjects (342 males, 348 females) who were under 18 years old and had undergone neck or thyroid ultrasound at Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital from January 2014 to June 2017. Ectopic thymus was defined when the incidental lesion was hypo- to iso-echoic compared to adjacent muscles with vascularity and did not have a connection to the thymus in the mediastinum.Of the 690 children, 16 (9 males, 7 females; median and ranges of age

Diagnosis of intrathyroidal ectopic thymus in thyroid fine needle aspiration samples. Intrathyroidal ectopic thymus (ITET) is a rare cause of paediatric thyroid nodules. Although ultrasonography of ITET demonstrates a characteristic appearance similar to that of normal thymus, accurate differentiation from other thyroid nodule etiologies by ultrasonography is difficult, and so that fine needle

endoderm of mutant embryos were abnormal, showing conditions such as hypoparathyroidism, hypoplastic thymus, and ectopic thymus and parathyroid. These data support that plays an important role in NCCs by regulating the patterning of the third pharyngeal pouch and morphogenesis of the thymus/parathyroid.

, and heterogeneous or ifthere are CT findings suggestive of an abnormality. It is alsopossible to see an ectopic thymus especially in the cervical region.Thymic size and uptake may increase after chemotherapy due to aphenomenon called thymic rebound.2. Brown fatActivated brown fat tissues often show increased18F-FDG up-take, which is typically bilateral and symmetric and can be seen in theneck, supraclavicular

, the familial paraganglioma syndromes,Li–Fraumeni Syndrome, McCune–Albright syndrome, and Peutz–Jeghers syndrome, it remains unclear if these tumors are a direct result ofthe underlying genetic defect.722FRANCIS ET AL.longevity of life in patients screened by a standardized protocolusing US and fine-needle aspiration (FNA). Furthermore,routine US screening may also identify incidental findings,such as ectopic thymus, that may confuse the clinical pictureand potentially lead to unnecessary testing (75).A variety of genetic disorders predispose to thyroid neo-plasia (85,86) (Table 4). Benign and malignant thyroidtumors can occur in patients withAPC-associated poly-posis (87), the Carney complex (88), theDICER1syndrome(89,90), thePTENhamartoma tumor syndrome (91–93), andWerner syndrome (94). Cases of DTC have

Ectopic cervical thymus in children: Clinical and radiographic features. Ectopic thymus is rare and can be a diagnostic challenge. This study evaluated the management of children radiographically diagnosed with ectopic cervical thymus. A retrospective review of 100 patients was performed. Data related to clinical presentation, radiological imaging, pathology, and management were collected

analyzed.A total of 179 patients experienced POA and 67 patients experienced POMC. Patients with POA were more likely to have POMC, a thymoma, and an ectopic thymus. Univariate analysis showed that POMC correlated with POA, presence of an ectopic thymus, dose of pyridostigmine bromide (PYR), presence of a thymoma, MGFA stage, preoperative myasthenic crisis, and postoperative pneumonia. Multivariate

Myasthenia gravis in patients with thymoma affects survival rate following extended thymectomy Thymomas are the most common adult tumors in the anterior mediastinal compartment, and a significant amount of thymomas are complicated by myasthenia gravis (MG). Extended thymectomy (ET) is the primary treatment method for thymomas and is used to completely resect possible ectopic thymus to avoid

and ectopic thymus; (II) neoplastic lesions, including hemangiomas and vascular malformations, pilomatrixoma, neurofibroma, neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, papillary thyroid cancer, lymphoma & leukemia; (III) neck masses of Infective causes, including lymphadenitis, retropharyngeal and peritonsilar abscess, salivary gland inflammation; and (IV) other miscellaneous lesions, including ranula

. If the duct or a part of it persists, a thyroglossal sinus, a cyst, or ectopic thyroid tissue may develop anywhere along the duct. [2, 3, 4, 5] The thymus develops from the inferior part of the third pharyngeal pouch and migrates to the mediastinum. Parts may remain in the neck and the thyroid gland and may form an ectopic thymus; thymic cysts may develop from remnants of the thymopharyngeal duct. [6

. If the duct or a part of it persists, a thyroglossal sinus, a cyst, or ectopic thyroid tissue may develop anywhere along the duct. [2, 3, 4, 5] The thymus develops from the inferior part of the third pharyngeal pouch and migrates to the mediastinum. Parts may remain in the neck and the thyroid gland and may form an ectopic thymus; thymic cysts may develop from remnants of the thymopharyngeal duct. [6

cysts (TGDCs), ectopic thymus cysts, dermoid and teratoid cysts, cystic vascular abnormalities, and lymphatic malformations such as the cystic lymphangioma. [1, 2] This article mainly focuses on the common entities branchial cleft cysts and TGDCs; to a lesser degree, it discusses lymphatic malformations. [3, 4] See the image below.Axial CT scan of a patient with a relatively small thyroglossal duct

. Multidisciplinary treatment of malignant thymoma. Curr Opin Oncol. 2012 Mar. 24 (2):117-22. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. 10. Ambrogi V, Mineo TC. Active ectopic thymus predicts poor outcome after thymectomy in class III myasthenia gravis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2012 Mar. 143 (3):601-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. 11. Bressler EL, Kirkham JA. Mediastinal masses: alternative approaches to CT-guided needle

. Multidisciplinary treatment of malignant thymoma. Curr Opin Oncol. 2012 Mar. 24 (2):117-22. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. 10. Ambrogi V, Mineo TC. Active ectopic thymus predicts poor outcome after thymectomy in class III myasthenia gravis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2012 Mar. 143 (3):601-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. 11. Bressler EL, Kirkham JA. Mediastinal masses: alternative approaches to CT-guided needle

. Multidisciplinary treatment of malignant thymoma. Curr Opin Oncol. 2012 Mar. 24 (2):117-22. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. 10. Ambrogi V, Mineo TC. Active ectopic thymus predicts poor outcome after thymectomy in class III myasthenia gravis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2012 Mar. 143 (3):601-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. 11. Bressler EL, Kirkham JA. Mediastinal masses: alternative approaches to CT-guided needle

. Multidisciplinary treatment of malignant thymoma. Curr Opin Oncol. 2012 Mar. 24 (2):117-22. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. 10. Ambrogi V, Mineo TC. Active ectopic thymus predicts poor outcome after thymectomy in class III myasthenia gravis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2012 Mar. 143 (3):601-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. 11. Bressler EL, Kirkham JA. Mediastinal masses: alternative approaches to CT-guided needle

Retropharyngeal thymus and parathyroid gland: A case report. Cervical ectopic thymus occurs when thymic tissue arrests during its embryologic descent through the neck to the upper mediastinum. Most often it presents as an asymptomatic neck mass. Rarely does it present with airway compromise, particularly in neonates. A neonate presented with a retropharyngeal mass causing dynamic upper airway obstruction, mimicking a venolymphatic malformation. Ultimately this proved to be aberrant ectopic thymus with an associated parathyroid gland. While there have been isolated reports of thymus or parathyroid in the retropharyngeal space, none of the prior reports found both within the same patient.

. The sonographic findings of ectopic thymus were similar to those of the thymus; therefore, clinicians should be familiar with ultrasonography findings of normal thymic tissue.

in extraocular muscles were noted. Nonspecific in vitro stimulation induced more CD-4+/IL-4+ cells in Brussels maintained. TSHR stimulation produced a significant increase in IL-4 secretion in six of nine local but one of seven Brussels mice. Thyroids from many TSHR-treated and control mice contained ectopic thymus. Our results confirm that thyroiditis is required for disease transfer but indicate the heterogeneity in TSHR-induced immune response in an inbred strain. Ectopic thymus can masquerade as thyroiditis, and care is required to avoid muscle artefacts. Because neither animal unit is pathogen free, microbial environment may contribute to determining TSHR-induced responses.