"Endocrine disease"

Childhood maltreatment and risk of endocrine diseases: an exploration of mediating pathways using sequential mediation analysis. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), including childhood maltreatment, have been linked with increased risk of diabetes and obesity during adulthood. A comprehensive assessment on the associations between childhood maltreatment and all major endocrine diseases birthday, whichever came later) until the first diagnosis of any or specific (12 individual diagnoses and 9 subtypes) endocrine diseases, death, or the end of follow-up (December 31, 2019), whichever occurred first. We used Cox models to examine the association of childhood maltreatment, treated as continuous (i.e., the cumulative number of experienced childhood maltreatment), ordinal (i.e., 0, 1 and ≥ 2

Late endocrine diseases in survivors of adolescent and young adult cancer in California: a population-based study. Cancer survivors have increased risk of endocrine complications, but there is a lack of information on the occurrence of specific endocrinopathies at the population-level. We used data from the California Cancer Registry (2006-2018) linked to statewide hospitalisation, emergency

DIAGNOSIS OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Usefulness of genetic testing of fine-needle aspirations for diagnosis of thyroid cancer. Genetic testing is increasingly used to diagnose or rule out thyroid cancer in indeterminate fine-needle aspirations. This review evaluates the usefulness of these methods with considerations of advantages and limitations. Given the diagnostic problem associated

THERAPY OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Amylin and calcitonin - physiology and pharmacology. Type 2 diabetes is a common manifestation of metabolic dysfunction due to obesity and constitutes a major burden for modern health care systems, in concert with the alarming rise in obesity worldwide. In recent years, several successful pharmacotherapies improving glucose metabolism have emerged and some

Endocrine disease history and the risk of postpartum depression. Previous research has suggested that some women are at increased risk of postpartum depression (PPD) because of an extra sensitivity to fluctuating hormones before and after parturition. This may particularly apply to women with endocrine disease, characterised by a less than optimal capability to self-regulate the hormonal feedback system. To investigate if women with endocrine disease history are at increased risk of developing PPD. Based on information from Danish national registers, this nationwide cohort study included 888 989 deliveries (1995-2018). Endocrine disease history was defined as thyroid disease, pre-pregnancy diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome and/or previous gestational diabetes within 10 years before

Contributions of physical inactivity and sedentary behavior to metabolic and endocrine diseases. Physical inactivity is the fourth leading global cause of death and is a major contributor to metabolic and endocrine diseases. In this review we provide a current update of the past 5 years in the field as it pertains to the most prevalent and deadly chronic diseases. Despite the prevalence

Fracture Healing in the Setting of Endocrine Diseases, Aging, and Cellular Senescence. More than 2.1 million age-related fractures occur in the United States annually, resulting in an immense socioeconomic burden. Importantly, the age-related deterioration of bone structure is associated with impaired bone healing. Fracture healing is a dynamic process which can be divided into four stages. While the physiological as well as pathological processes during fracture healing in endocrine disease and aging in order to establish a broad understanding of the biomechanical as well as molecular mechanisms involved in bone repair.

MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Medullary thyroid cancer: from molecular biology and therapeutic pitfalls to future targeted treatment perspectives. During the last decades, knowledge of the molecular biology in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and specifically on the role of rearranged during transfection (RET)-activating mutations in tumorigenesis has led to the evolution of novel targeted

The role of regulated necrosis in endocrine diseases. The death of endocrine cells is involved in type 1 diabetes mellitus, autoimmunity, adrenopause and hypogonadotropism. Insights from research on basic cell death have revealed that most pathophysiologically important cell death is necrotic in nature, whereas regular metabolism is maintained by apoptosis programmes. Necrosis is defined as cell

The role of cellular senescence in ageing and endocrine disease. With the ageing of the global population, interest is growing in the 'geroscience hypothesis', which posits that manipulation of fundamental ageing mechanisms will delay (in parallel) the appearance or severity of multiple chronic, non-communicable diseases, as these diseases share the same underlying risk factor - namely, ageing , we highlight the evidence that cellular senescence has a causative role in multiple diseases associated with ageing. Finally, we focus on the role of cellular senescence in a number of endocrine diseases, including osteoporosis, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as other endocrine conditions. Although much remains to be done, considerable preclinical evidence is now leading

Polymorphism of toll-like receptor genes and autoimmune endocrine diseases. In recent years, there has been a significant amount of interest and vigorous studies on mutations related to innate immunity receptor genes such as Toll-like receptors (TLR), which is driven by the identification of many associations between these mutations and development of various disorders leading, in particular for the prevention and treatment thereof. This article examines the current state of the art, in particular summarizes data on the role of polymorphisms in Toll-like receptor genes in a number of autoimmune endocrine diseases, including type 1 diabetes mellitus, Graves' disease and Hashimoto's autoimmune thyroiditis. The search for relevant scientific data was carried out by entering search queries based

DIAGNOSIS OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: IgG4-related thyroid autoimmune disease. IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is fibro-inflammatory, immune-mediated, systemic disease recognized as a defined clinical condition only in 2001. The prevalence of IgG4-RD is 6/100 000, but it is likely to be underestimated due to insufficient awareness of the disease. The diagnostic approach is complex because

DIAGNOSIS OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Evaluation of bone fragility in endocrine disorders. An underlying disease affecting bone health is present in up to 40% and 60% of osteoporotic post-menopausal women and men respectively. Among the disorders leading to a secondary form of osteoporosis, the endocrine diseases are highly represented. A frequent finding in patients affected with an endocrine-related in the most frequent forms of endocrine-related osteoporosis, such as obesity, diabetes, acromegaly, thyrotoxicosis, primary hyperparathyroidism, hypercortisolism and hypogonadism. For each of these disorders, data regarding both the current available tools and the future possible new techniques for assessing bone fragility in patients with endocrine diseases are reported.

MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Precision medicine in neuroendocrine neoplasms: an update on current management and future perspectives. Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are traditionally considered as a single group of rare malignancies that originate from the highly spread neuroendocrine system. The clinical management is complex due to the high heterogeneity of these neoplasms in terms

MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: The Role of rhTSH in the Management of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Pros and Cons. The use of recombinant human thyrotropin (rhTSH) testing in the diagnosis and therapy of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) has been adopted over the last two decades as an alternative to the classical thyroid hormone withdrawal avoiding the threat of hypothyroidism. Serum

MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Predictive scores in Autoimmune Thyroid Disease. Are they useful? Prediction models are of a great assistance for predicting the development of a disease, detecting or screening undiagnosed patients, predicting the effectiveness of a treatment and helping toward better decision-making. Recently, three predictive scores in the field of autoimmune thyroid disease

MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Unmet therapeutic, educational and scientific needs in parathyroid disorders. PARAT, a new European Society of Endocrinology program, aims to identify unmet scientific and educational needs of parathyroid disorders, such as primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), including parathyroid cancer (PC), and hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT). The discussions and consensus

MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Individualized Management of Acromegaly. Acromegaly is a rare and challenging disease calling for management in highly specialised multidisciplinary teams (MDTs). Untreated disease has severe morbidity and a clearly increased mortality. Major attainments have been gained over the latest decades, and therefore, the aim of this review is to discuss recent

MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Bone disorders associated with acromegaly: mechanisms and treatment. Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) exert physiological actions on the skeleton throughout life, by stimulating longitudinal bone growth in children, the acquisition of bone mass during adolescence and the maintenance of skeletal architecture in adults. When GH and IGF-I

MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Current vitamin D status in European and Middle East countries and strategies to prevent vitamin D deficiency; a position statement of the European Calcified Tissue Society. Vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) <50 nmol/L or 20 ng/mL) is common in Europe and the Middle East. It occurs in <20% of the population in Northern Europe, in 30-60