Reduced Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Enpp1 Mutant Mice with Hypercementosis. Previous studies revealed that cementum formation is tightly regulated by inorganic pyrophosphate (PP), a mineralization inhibitor. Local PP concentrations are determined by regulators, including ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1), which increases PP concentrations by adenosine triphosphate
Hypercementosis Associated with ENPP1 Mutations and GACI. Mineralization of bones and teeth is tightly regulated by levels of extracellular inorganic phosphate (P) and pyrophosphate (PP). Three regulators that control pericellular concentrations of P and PP include tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), progressive ankylosis protein (ANK), and ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase in GACI and identify ENPP1 genetic mutations associated with hypercementosis. The sensitivity of cementum to reduced PP levels in both human and mouse teeth establishes this as a well-conserved and fundamental biological process directing cementogenesis across species (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00369421).
Occurrence of hypercementosis in a german population. The purpose of this study was to assess the occurrence of hypercementosis in a selected German dental school patient population. A total of 800 full-mouth periapical radiographic series were screened. The radiographs were evaluated under optimal conditions by using double magnifying glasses. A total of 18,589 teeth including third molars were evaluated. The relative incidence of hypercementosis and the correlation regarding the location (left-side versus right-side occurrence, maxillary versus mandibular, and anterior versus posterior teeth) and between men and women were recorded and analyzed by using the χ(2) test. Eleven patients were found to have hypercementosis, 10 women and 1 man (P < .05). Of these, 5 of 11 (45.46%) had only 1 tooth
in 791 patients who had CBCT performed before surgery was studied. Factors evaluated were age, complete or incomplete formation of the mandibular third molar roots, periodontal ligament atrophy of the mandibular third molar roots, hypercementosis, and mandibular canal deformation. Mandibular third molar root formation was completed between the ages of 19 and 30 years. Complete formation
, CTSK is likely to take part in mineralization process during odontogenesis. On the other hand, patients with pycnodysostosis caused by mutations of the CTSK gene displayedmultipledental abnormalities, such as hypoplasia of the enamel, obliterated pulp chambers, hypercementosis and periodontal disease. Thereforeitis necessary to study the metabolic role of CTSK in tooth matrix proteins. In this study
to determine whether increased Spp1/OPN was regulating periodontal tissues when the PDL space is challenged by hypercementosis in Ank mice. Ank; Spp1 double deficient mice did not exhibit greater hypercementosis than that in Ank mice. Based on these data, we conclude that OPN has a non-redundant role regulating formation and mineralization of dentin and bone, influences tissue properties of PDL and pulp
manifestation of hypercementosis, which although well recognised in other sclerosing osseous dysplasias, is not reported in the literature for Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia. We discuss established in vivo studies in mice which link the genetic mutations found in Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia to hypercementosis, and how this report describes the same manifestation in humans. This novel finding can aid
. The presence of craniomaxillofacial osteomas are a hallmark of the disease. Early-stage GS diagnosis may enable early diagnosis and preventive strategies in carriers. Other dental abnormalities, such as supernumerary teeth, hypercementosis and odontomas, can also be observed.
study showed a statistically significant decrease in the areas of resorption and the number of resorption lacunae in the LIPUS-exposed premolars. Histologic examination showed healing of the resorbed root surface by hypercementosis. The results of this study provide a noninvasive method for reducing root resorption in humans.
(VBD) was associated with the absence of sclerostin expression, and (c) whether this was associated with hypercementosis. Sclerostin was expressed by cementocytes in mouse and human teeth and by mineralized hypertrophic chondrocytes in the human growth plate. In individuals with VBD, sclerostin expression was absent or strongly decreased in osteocytes and cementocytes. This was associated
Orthodontic treatment in a patient with sickle cell anemia. Sickle cell anemia is a common hereditary hematologic disease. It affects many systems and tissues in the body, including the mouth. Delayed tooth eruption, an uncommon degree of periodontitis, alterations in the cells of the tongue surface, hypomaturation and hypomineralization in enamel and dentin, pulp calcifications, hypercementosis
tissue after 24 weeks. Hypercementosis was seen around the apical portion of the root in all specimens. Pulpal regeneration was seen in the both upper and lower molars (p = 0.03). Resorption took place only in two specimens (p = 0.46). The inflammation in the 12th week was more than the 24th week. The pulp of multirooted teeth remains vital after transection of the apical part of the root in dogs
and molar roots;[11]hypercementosis (overproduction of cementum) of the molars and maxillary incisors;[11] enlarged, funnel-shaped mandibular lingula (spiny structures on the ramus of the mandible);[11] and a radiolucent effect on portions of many teeth, increasing their transparency to x-rays.[11]Genetics[edit]Originally believed to be inherited in an X-linked recessive fashion,[15] gerodermia
A SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF HYPERCEMENTOSIS The purpose of this study was to evaluate morphological characteristics of teeth with hypercementosis that are relevant to endodontic practice. Twenty-eight extracted teeth with hypercementosis had their root apexes analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The teeth were divided according to tooth groups and type of hypercementosis . The following aspects were examined under SEM: the contour and regularity of the root surface; presence of resorption; presence and number of apical foramina, and the diameter of the main foramen. The progression of club shape hypercementosis was directly associated with the presence of foramina and apical foramen obstruction. Cases of focal hypercementosis presented foramina on the surface, even when
g(-1), compared to the mean enamel and dentine content of about 5 μg g(-1). The maximum lead content in cementum was approximately 700 μg g(-1). The large quantity of cementum found in the teeth suggested that the subjects had hypercementosis (excess cementum formation) of the root, a condition reported to have been prevalent among African-American slave populations. The distribution of lead