Metixene is an incomplete autophagy inducer in preclinical models of metastatic cancer and brain metastases. A paucity of chemotherapeutic options for metastatic brain cancer limits patient survival and portends poor clinical outcomes. Using a central nervous system (CNS) small-molecule inhibitor library of 320 agents known to be blood-brain barrier permeable and approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, breast cancer brain metastases vulnerabilities were interrogated to identify an effective agent. Metixene, an antiparkinsonian drug, was identified as a top therapeutic agent that was capable of decreasing cellular viability and inducing cell death across different metastatic breast cancer subtypes. This agent significantly reduced mammary tumor size in orthotopic xenograft
the prioritization of individual anticholinergics for individual patients?Background: Anticholinergics (biperiden, bornaprine, metixene, trihexyphenidyl) are approved medications for the therapy of PD. Results: There are only insufficient data from randomized studies on the efficacy and tolerability of anticholinergics in PD and no recent RCTs or meta-analyses are available. The effectiveness of anticholinergics
phase. * Patients who have been treated with the following drugs at 4 weeks or earlier before the start of the screening phase, and whose treatment regimen of the drug has been changed. Anticholinergic agents: trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride, piroheptine hydrochloride, mazaticol hydrochloride, metixene hydrochloride, biperiden hydrochloride, profenamine, amantadine hydrochloride,droxidopa, citicoline
the dosing regimen of the drug changed within 4 weeks of the start of the screening phase. * L-dopa (+DCI) (NOTE: This does not apply to the monotherapy group.) * Anticholinergic agents: trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride, piroheptine hydrochloride, mazaticol hydrochloride, metixene hydrochloride, biperiden, profenamine * amantadine hydrochloride * droxidopa * citicoline * selegiline