Simultaneous adrenal and retroperitoneal myelolipoma resected by laparoscopic surgery: a challenging case. Myelolipoma is a benign neoplasm of the adrenal cortex, composed of fat and hematopoietic cells. Although myelolipoma is benign, differentiation from adrenocortical cancer may be difficult. The presence of adrenal and extra-adrenal myelolipomas simultaneously is sporadic, making it a challenging case, especially when the preoperative diagnosis is ambiguous. A 65-year-old man was referred to our clinic due to a mass in the adrenal fossa. In the abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT), a well-circumscribed fat-containing 78 × 61 × 65 mm bi-lobulated mass was reported in the left adrenal fossa. The first differential diagnosis was myelolipoma. The patient was then referred to our clinic
Spinal myelolipoma - an extremely rare pathology within the lumbar spine: a case report and literature review. Myelolipoma is a benign tumor containing mature adipose cells and a combination of myeloid and erythroid elements. This tumor is typically found in the adrenal glands; however, it has been detected outside the adrenal glands in rare cases. We report an extremely rare case of myelolipoma in the lumbar spine causing significant neural compression due to the involvement of the posterior spinal elements. Given the significant neurological deficit, the patient was surgically managed as soon as possible. Extra-adrenal myelolipomas are rare lesions, and only one case has been reported in the spine so far. However, this diagnosis should be considered in cases with its characteristic imaging features.
Bronchoscopic treatment of multiple bronchial myelolipomas: a case report and literature review. Extra-adrenal myelolipoma is an unusual entity, and endobronchial myelolipoma is rarer, which is often ignored by clinicians, delaying the disease and affecting the prognosis. A 71-year-old man with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus, with recurrent openings, and then used argon plasma coagulation (APC) to achieve hemostasis. The pathological diagnosis was bronchial myelolipoma. The largest volume of the resected tissue was a mass measuring 0.6 cm × 0.4 cm × 0.3 cm at the bronchial opening of the upper lobe of the left lung. The patient's condition was stable and the symptoms were partially relieved after surgery. No recurrence was observed during
Adrenal myelolipomas. Adrenal myelolipomas are benign, lipomatous tumours with elements of myeloid cells, most of which present as adrenal incidentalomas and comprise 3·3-6·5% of all adrenal masses. Adrenal myelolipomas are usually unilateral (in 95% of cases), variable in size, most often found during midlife, and affect both sexes almost equally. On imaging, adrenal myelolipomas show pathognomonic imaging features consistent with the presence of macroscopic fat. Large adrenal myelolipomas can cause symptoms of mass effect, and can occasionally be complicated by haemorrhage. In the event of a concomitant adrenal cortical adenoma or hyperplasia, adrenal hormone excess might be detected in patients with adrenal myelolipoma. Patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia exhibit a higher
Bronchoscopic management of solitary bronchial myelolipoma: a case report. Myelolipoma is a rare benign tumor composed of mature adipose and hematopoietic tissues. Most myelolipomas are found in the adrenal glands, whereas intrathoracic myelolipoma is extremely rare. In particular, bronchial myelolipoma without the involvement of lung parenchyma has never been reported. A previously healthy 38 of the tumor was additionally ablated with a diode laser to prevent recurrence. The removed endobronchial tumor was a 13 mm × 20 mm-sized oval-shaped mass and was pathologically diagnosed as bronchial myelolipoma. Chest radiographs, obtained on the day following the procedure, showed an improvement of atelectasis, and accompanying symptoms were immediately improved. Follow-up bronchoscopy performed after 12
A case report on 111In chloride bone marrow scintigraphy in management of adrenal myelolipoma. Adrenal myelolipoma is a benign hormone-inactive tumor composed of hematopoietic tissue and mature adipose tissue. Because this tumor tends to be rich in fat, in many cases it can be diagnosed based on computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings alone. However, in the presence a case of huge adrenal myelolipoma with the non-adipose portion identified using an Indium chloride (InCl3) bone marrow scan. A 69-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of a left peritoneal mass detected on a medical checkup. Abdominal CT revealed a mass measuring 14.3 cm in diameter located between the left kidney and the left adrenal gland, which showed coexistence of fat and soft
MR imaging to detect myelolipomas of the liver: A case report and literature review. Primary hepatic myelolipoma is a rare benign neoplasm comprising mature adipose tissue and marrow components in various proportions. Chemical shift imaging (CSI) can distinguish the lipid within the tumor clearly; however, there have been no reports on the CSI of hepatic myelolipoma. A 20-year-old woman visited showed a signal decline within the tumor. Based on the histopathology, the tumor was diagnosed as hepatic myelolipoma. The patient underwent a right hepatectomy, and the postoperative vital signs were stable. Two weeks later, the patient was discharged safely. Although hepatic myelolipoma is extremely rare, this condition should be considered in differential diagnosis when CSI shows that hepatic
A rare case of gradual enlargement of a multifocal myelolipoma of the posterior mediastinum for 12 years after surgical resection of an adrenal myelolipoma A myelolipoma is a rare benign tumor that is composed of adipose tissue and hematopoietic elements. Myelolipomas most commonly occur in the unilateral adrenal gland. Posterior mediastinal myelolipomas are extremely rare. We herein present a rare case of a multifocal myelolipoma of the mediastinum that gradually enlarged over a 12-year period after surgical resection of an adrenal myelolipoma. This is the first report of multifocal myelolipomas of the posterior mediastinum and adrenal gland. A posterior mediastinal tumor was incidentally found by chest X-ray and computed tomography (CT) examination of a 74-year-old woman. The patient had
MicroRNA expression profiling in adrenal myelolipoma. Adrenal myelolipoma (AML) is the second most common and invariably benign primary adrenal neoplasm. Due to the variable proportion of fat and hematopoietic elements and its often large size, it can cause differential diagnostic problems. Several reports confirmed the utility of miRNAs in the diagnosis of tumors, but miRNA expression in AML
Bilateral Posterior Mediastinal Primary Myelolipoma. Myelolipoma is an uncommon benign mesenchymal tumor consisting of mature adipocytes and hemopoietic elements that is mostly found in adrenal glands. Bilateral posterior mediastinal primary myelolipoma manifests extremely rarely, and only 11 such occurrences have been previously described. With no definite symptoms, pathologic evaluation is essential for diagnosis. This report presents a case of a 63-year-old man with a diagnosis of bilateral posterior mediastinal primary myelolipoma on the basis of radiologic findings who underwent surgical resection by video-assisted thoracic surgery. The aims of this report are to show the diagnosis of an unusual mediastinal lesion and improve understanding of this disease.
A case report of symptomatic presacral myelolipoma. Extra-adrenal myelolipoma in the presacral area often raises a concern for liposarcoma because they have similar radiologic features. A 70-year-old woman with multiple abdominal surgeries in the past presented with persistent lower abdominal pain and anemia. A presacral mass, found on a pelvic magnetic resonance image (MRI), was suspicious of liposarcoma, as it is the most common fat containing mass in the presacral area. It is often difficult to make a diagnosis of myelolipoma just based on the radiological studies, which necessitates a histopathologic examination of the resected mass for a definitive diagnosis. Myelolipoma is an encapsulated, benign tumor containing mature adipocytes and hematologic cells. Most of the patients with myelolipoma
Adrenal myelolipoma with hyperandrogenemia and schizophrenia Adrenal myelolipoma with hyperandrogenemia is extremely rare. We report a case of a 26-year-old Chinese female with schizophrenia, who presented with a hormonally active tumor causing hyperandrogenemia. The mass was found by computerized tomography when she had her gynecologic examination for secondary amenorrhea, and it was confirmed to be an adrenal myelolipoma after a histopathological study. She was referred for a left adrenal laparoscopic excision, and the size of adrenal myelolipoma was found to be more than 10 cm. We report this case because large adrenal myelolipomas with hyperandrogenemia and schizophrenia are rare, and adrenal myelolipoma associated with hyperandrogenemia might be determined by the enzymes involved in the production
A rare case of co-existing adrenal and pelvic myelolipomas We are reporting a case of co-existing left sided pelvic and right sided adrenal myelolipomas in a 68-year-old male patient. Both lesions were incidentally discovered on CT whilst undergoing a staging scan for suspected urinary bladder cancer. The patient had a background of hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Contrast enhanced CT scan and the left pelvic masses showed features compatible with myelolipomas. The right retroperitoneal mass was compatible with an adrenal myelolipoma and left pelvic mass was deemed as an extra-adrenal myelolipoma (EAML).
Myelolipoma of the Pelvis: A Case Report and Review of Literature Myelolipomas are uncommon, benign tumors which typically occur in the adrenal glands and consist of mature adipose tissue and benign hematopoietic components. Myelolipomas can occur outside of the adrenal glands, but the presacral region, retroperitoneum, pelvis, and mediastinum are unusual locations for these tumors . It is important to recognize this entity in these locations since they can attain massive sizes leading to pressure symptoms and need to be differentiated from the malignant tumors like liposarcomas. We present a myelolipoma case in the presacral region. Our case illustrates the clinical approach of these tumors in such unusual locations.
Giant Adrenal Myelolipoma in a Patient without Endocrine Disorder: A Case Report and a Review of the Literature We herein present a surgically treated case of huge adrenal myelolipoma. A 62-year-old woman presented to our surgical outpatient clinic with a retroperitoneal tumor. A clinical examination revealed an elastic soft, smooth-surfaced, painless, child-head-sized tumor with poor mobility invaded these organs. The tumor was yellow and elastic soft and covered with a thin film. The origin of the tumor was suggested to be the left adrenal gland. The weight of the excised tumor was 1500 g. The histopathological diagnosis was adrenal myelolipoma. The patient had an uneventful recovery and was discharged from the hospital on the thirteenth day after the operation. She has been followed up
Laparoscopic approach for a presacral myelolipoma resembling a liposarcoma Myelolipomas are rare benign tumors that are commonly found in the adrenal glands. Extra-adrenal locations are rare, and presacral myelolipomas represent the most common extra-adrenal location. The differential diagnosis of malignant presacral neoplasms is very challenging. We present a case of a presacral neoplasm that was completely removed with a laparoscopic approach and diagnosed as a myelolipoma only after pathological examination.
Giant bilateral adrenal myelolipomas in two Chinese families with congenital adrenal hyperplasia Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is one of the most prevalent, and potentially severe, genetic inborn errors of steroid synthesis directly affecting metabolism. Most patients are diagnosed and treated at an early age. There have been very limited reports of adults with CAH-associated adrenal myelolipomas. We aimed to analyze two families with CAH-associated giant adrenal myelolipomas caused by defects in CYP21A2 and CYP17A1 genes. A total of 14 individuals from two unrelated families were identified with either CYP21A2 or CYP17A1 mutations. Of note, 5 patients were found with adrenal myelolipomas. Total DNA isolated from the peripheral blood of the two probands was screened for potential
Abdominal wall extra-adrenal myelolipoma, a case report and review of the literature Extra-adrenal myelolipomas (EAMLs) are extremely rare soft tissue tumours that constitute <15% of all myelolipomas. We present a 70-year-old patient with a midline swelling of the anterior abdominal wall. It was clinically diagnosed as an incisional hernia, though the computerized scan indicated an internal hernia. During laparoscopy a soft tissue tumour of the abdominal wall was identified and excised. Pathology confirmed an extra-adrenal myelolipoma of the anterior abdominal wall through the presence of adipocytes and trilineage haematopoetic cell lines. EAMLs are rare mesenchymal soft tissue tumours with less than a hundred cases reported in the English literature. Pathological diagnosis shows
Presacral myelolipoma as a possible parasymptom of cancer: A case report Presacral myelolipomas are rare, benign, asymptomatic tumors composed of mature adipose tissue and hematopoietic elements. Presacral myelolipomas can occur in patients with a medical history of malignancy, steroid use, and/or endocrine disorders including diabetes mellitus. A 65-year-old man with no specific medical history with a high signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted images, which was decreased on fat-suppression T2-weighted images. Computed tomography-guided biopsy and imaging allowed a diagnosis of presacral myelolipoma. After 3 months, hematochezia was observed, and follow-up examination revealed rectal carcinoma with multiple lung metastases. He died due to spread of the cancer despite chemotherapy, 6 months after