"Norfloxacin"

Primary Norfloxacin Prophylaxis for APASL-Defined Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure: A Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Randomized Trial This study aimed to evaluate the role of prophylactic norfloxacin in preventing bacterial infections and its effect on transplant-free survival (TFS) in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) identified by the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver criteria. Patients with ACLF included in the study were randomly assigned to receive oral norfloxacin 400 mg or matched placebo once daily for 30 days. The incidence of bacterial infections at days 30 and 90 was the primary outcome, whereas TFS at days 30 and 90 was the secondary outcome. A total of 143 patients were included (72 in the norfloxacin and 71 in the placebo groups). Baseline

Effect of flowing water on the pharmacokinetic properties of norfloxacin in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) after single-dose oral administration. The recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) is a widely used, water-saving and efficient aquaculture model. However, bacterial diseases are common in farmed fish reared at high densities. Although antibiotics effectively treat these diseases , developing efficient methods to increase drug clearance in fish and decrease the concentrations of antibiotic residues in aquatic products is essential. This study evaluates the effect of flowing water in the RAS on norfloxacin (NOR) pharmacokinetics in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Channel catfish were randomly divided into the control group (RAS group) and the experimental group (flow-through

Paeoniflorin combined with norfloxacin ameliorates drug-resistant Streptococcus suis infection. The increased resistance of bacterial pathogens to fluoroquinolones (FQs), such as norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin, supports the need to develop new antibacterial drugs and combination therapies using conventional antibiotics. The LuxS/AI-2 quorum sensing (QS) system can regulate the complex group behaviour of Streptococcus suis and impact its susceptibility to FQs. We investigated the combination of paeoniflorin and norfloxacin as a novel and effective strategy against FQ-resistant S. suis. FIC, AI-2 activity assay, real-time RT-PCR and biofilm inhibition assays were performed to investigate the in vitro effect of paeoniflorin combined with norfloxacin. Mouse protection and mouse anti-infection

Rifaximin Vs. Norfloxacin for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis Prophylaxis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) heralds increased mortality in cirrhosis, mandating strategies for prophylaxis. Norfloxacin has been the recommended choice for SBP prevention. However, its use has raised concerns about antibiotic resistance. Rifaximin has been suggested as an alternative. We investigated the efficacy of rifaximin against norfloxacin in primary and secondary prophylaxis of SBP. In this open-labeled randomized trial, patients with either advanced cirrhosis having ascitic fluid protein levels (<1.5 g/l), Child-Pugh score ≥9 points, serum bilirubin ≥3 mg/dl or impaired renal function (primary prophylaxis group), or those with prior SBP (secondary prophylaxis group

Norfloxacin An official website of the United States government Here's how you know Log inAccess keysNCBI HomepageMyNCBI HomepageMain ContentMain NavigationBookshelfSearch databaseBooksAll DatabasesAssemblyBiocollectionsBioProjectBioSampleBooksClinVarConserved DomainsdbGaPdbVarGeneGenomeGEO DataSetsGEO ProfilesGTRHomoloGeneIdentical Protein GroupsMedGenMeSHNLM and EffectsSummary of Use during LactationNo information is available on the clinical use of norfloxacin during breastfeeding; however, amounts in breastmilk appear to be low. Fluoroquinolones such as norfloxacin have traditionally not been used in infants because of concern about adverse effects on the infants' developing joints. However, more recent studies indicate little risk.[1,2] In addition, the calcium

Synergism of sophoraflavanone G with norfloxacin against effluxing antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), remains a challenge in hospital and community settings. The design and discovery of new compounds to deal with resistant bacteria has become one of the most important areas of anti-infective research today. The aim

Daily Norfloxacin vs. Weekly Ciprofloxacin to Prevent Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial For the prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in cirrhotic patients with ascites, norfloxacin 400 mg per day is recommended as a standard regimen. This study aims to investigate whether ciprofloxacin once weekly administration is not inferior to norfloxacin once . Patients were randomly assigned into norfloxacin daily or ciprofloxacin weekly group, and followed-up for 12 months. Primary endpoint was the prevention of SBP. One hundred twenty-four patients met enrollment criteria and were assigned into each group by 1:1 ratio (62:62). Seven patients in the norfloxacin group and five patients in the ciprofloxacin group were lost to follow-up. SBP developed in four

Effects of Long-term Norfloxacin Therapy in Patients With Advanced Cirrhosis. There is debate over the effects of long-term oral fluoroquinolone therapy in patients with advanced cirrhosis. We performed a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effects of long-term treatment with the fluoroquinolone norfloxacin on survival of patients with cirrhosis. We performed a double-blind trial of 291 patients with Child-Pugh class C cirrhosis who had not received recent fluoroquinolone therapy. The study was performed at 18 clinical sites in France from April 2010 through November 2014. Patients were randomly assigned to groups given 400 mg norfloxacin (n = 144) or placebo (n = 147) once daily for 6 months. Patients were evaluated monthly for the first 6 months and at 9 months and 12 months

A Sensitive Electrochemical Immunosensor Based on PAMAM Dendrimer-Encapsulated Au for Detection of Norfloxacin in Animal-Derived Foods In this work, a sensitive electrochemical immunosensor has been reported for the determination of norfloxacin in animal-derived foods. The poly (amidoamine) dendrimer encapsulated gold nanoparticles (PAMAM-Au) played dual roles in the proposed sensing platform was linearly related to the concentration of norfloxacin in the range of 1 μg·L⁻10 mg·L. All the results showed that the proposed strategy with low LOD (0.3837 μg·L) and favorable recovery (91.6⁻106.1%) in the practical sample, and it could provide a suitable protocol for norfloxacin detection in animal-derived foods with high sensitivity, good accuracy, and stability.

Anti-Inflammatory, Immunomodulatory, and Antioxidant Activities of Allicin, Norfloxacin, or Their Combination against Pasteurella multocida Infection in Male New Zealand Rabbits The present study investigated the efficacy of allicin as an antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunostimulant agent in reducing the severity of () type B infection in rabbits. Fifty New Zealand rabbits , 5 weeks old, were divided equally into five groups. Except for group 1, all groups were intranasally infected with type B (2 × 10 colony forming units/ml/rabbit). Then, group 3 rabbits were orally treated with allicin (50 mg/kg BW) for 5 days, group 4 rabbits received a single oral dose of norfloxacin 30% (100 mg/kg BW), while group 5 rabbits were treated with a combination of norfloxacin

Facile Synthesis of Magnetic Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon from Bimetallic Metal–Organic Frameworks for Efficient Norfloxacin Removal Magnetic nitrogen-doped porous carbon (MNPC) has been prepared via self-catalytic pyrolysis of bimetallic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). The as-obtained MNPC showed favorable features for antibiotics adsorption such as high specific surface area (871 m² g ), high pore volume (0.75 cm³ g), porous structure, good graphitization degree, and rich N-doping. Moreover, the MNPC has magnetic properties due to the Co species, which is embedded with a high dispersion, so the absorbent can be easily separated. Based on the above excellent characteristics, the MNPC was used as the absorbent for norfloxacin (NOR) removal. The experimental maximum NOR adsorption

Excited Triplet State Interactions of Fluoroquinolone Norfloxacin with Natural Organic Matter: A Laser Spectroscopy Study. In sunlit waters, the fate of fluoroquinolone antibiotics is significantly impacted by photodegradation. The mechanism of how natural organic matter (NOM) participates in the reaction has been frequently studied but still remains unclear. In this work, the interactions between the excited triplet state of the fluoroquinolone antibiotic norfloxacin (NOR*) and a variety of NOM extracts were investigated using time-resolved laser spectroscopy. The observed transient absorption spectrum of NOR* showed a maximum at ca. 600 nm, and global fitting gave a lifetime of 1.0 μs for NOR* in phosphate buffer at pH = 7.5. Quenching of NOR* by Suwannee River hydrophobic acids (HPO

Diclofenac inferior to norfloxacin for symptom relief of lower UTIs. : Kronenberg A et al. Symptomatic treatment of uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections in the ambulatory setting: randomised, double blind trial. 2017; 359: j4784.

Norfloxacin is more effective than Rifaximin in avoiding bacterial translocation in an animal model of cirrhosis. Norfloxacin administration is useful in preventing bacterial infections in cirrhosis but associated to the generation of resistant species. Rifaximin is known to reach high concentrations in the intestinal lumen without generating relevant resistance in the intestinal flora. Our aim was to compare the effect of Norfloxacin and Rifaximin on intestinal flora composition, bacterial translocation and survival in cirrhotic rats. Cirrhosis was induced in rats by oral administration of CCl . Animals were divided into three groups: only CCl (group I, n = 10); CCl + Norfloxacin (group II, n = 17) and CCl + Rifaximin (group III, n = 14). Gut bacterial composition, bacterial translocation

Elucidating Direct Photolysis Mechanisms of Different Dissociation Species of Norfloxacin in Water and Mg2+ Effects by Quantum Chemical Calculations The study of pollution due to combined antibiotics and metals is urgently needed. Photochemical processes are an important transformation pathway for antibiotics in the environment. The mechanisms underlying the effects of metal-ion complexation on the aquatic photochemical transformation of antibiotics in different dissociation forms are crucial problems in science, and beg solutions. Herein, we investigated the mechanisms of direct photolysis of norfloxacin (NOR) in different dissociation forms in water and metal ion Mg effects using quantum chemical calculations. Results show that different dissociation forms of NOR had different maximum electronic

Synthesis and characterization of N-Mannich based prodrugs of ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin: In vitro anthelmintic and cytotoxic evaluation Prodrugs, the inert derivatives of existing drugs have successfully contributed to the modification of their physicochemical properties. The improved antimicrobial potential due to enhanced lipophilicity of some of the synthesized prodrugs of antibacterial agents by various schemes has already been reported. In the current study, synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation of some more lipid based prodrugs/compounds of ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin has been carried out. The synthesized prodrugs/compounds have been screened for anthelmintic activity using Indian earthworms and cytotoxic activity against human lung cancer cell lines A-549

Lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles: Development & statistical optimization of norfloxacin for topical drug delivery system Poly lactic acid is a biodegradable, biocompatible, and non-toxic polymer, widely used in many pharmaceutical preparations such as controlled release formulations, parenteral preparations, surgical treatment applications, and tissue engineering. In this study, we prepared lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles for topical and site targeting delivery of Norfloxacin by emulsification solvent evaporation method (ESE). The design of experiment (DOE) was done by using software to optimize the result, and then a surface plot was generated to compare with the practical results. The surface morphology, particle size, zeta potential and composition of the lipid-polymer hybrid

Microwave-Enhanced Photolysis of Norfloxacin: Kinetics, Matrix Effects, and Degradation Pathways Degradation of norfloxacin (NOR) was studied using a combination of microwave and UV irradiation methods (MW/UV process). Remarkable synergistic effect was found between MW and UV light. The removal rate with the MW/UV process was much faster than that with UV light irradiation only. Degradation

Counterpointing Scenarios on the Fate of Different Prototropic Forms of Norfloxacin Housed in the Pocket of Lysozyme: The Nonelectrostatic Interactions in the Protein Interior Are in the Controlling Role on the Prototropic Equilibria of the Guest Herein, we report a comprehensive study on the interaction of three protomeric forms of the antibacterial drug norfloxacin (nfx) with the enzymatic protein human lysozyme (lyz). Norfloxacin, having the option for two-stage acid-base equilibria, converts from cationic (nfx) to zwitterionic (nfx) form, followed by an anionic (nfx) species, with increasing pH. Among these protomeric forms, lysozyme binds nfx most robustly, whereas nfx has a weak association and nfx does not show any interaction. In lysozyme, the location of the drug was ascertained

Lethal/sublethal responses of Daphnia magna to acute norfloxacin contamination and changes in phytoplankton-zooplankton interactions induced by this antibiotic Although the well-known antibiotic norfloxacin (NOR) is recognized as an important environmental pollutant, little is known about its impacts on ecological processes, particularly on species interactions. In this paper, we quantified