"Paratuberculosis"

PtpA protein from Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis as a potential marker of rheumatoid arthritis in humans. Studies have noted the connection between Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) and autoimmunity. MAP is an intracellular pathogen that infects and multiplies in macrophages. To overcome the hostile environment elicited by the macrophage, MAP secretes a battery

Epidemiological insights into paratuberculosis in camels in Saudi Arabia: Bayesian estimation of true prevalence and identification of risk factors. Paratuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), is a significant concern in the camel population of Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to provide epidemiological insights into the disease by estimating the true prevalence , provides a nuanced understanding of the disease's prevalence in the region. The integration of true prevalence estimates with risk factor analysis offers a comprehensive framework that can guide future policies and strategies in the fight against paratuberculosis in Saudi Arabia. The findings emphasize the importance of targeted control measures, underscoring the urgent need for interventions in Saudi

Characterisation of IS1311 in Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis genomes: Typing, continental clustering, microbial evolution and host adaptation. Johne's disease (JD), caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is a global burden for livestock producers and has an association with Crohn's disease in humans. Within MAP there are two major lineages, S/Type I

Human antibodies against Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis combined with cytokine levels for the diagnosis and selection of Crohn's disease patients for anti-mycobacterial therapy-A pilot study. Increasing evidence links a worldwide bacterial infection of cattle and other animal species by Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) to Crohn's disease (CD). A large, FDA phase 2/3

Immunopathological mechanisms in the early stage of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection via different administration routes in a murine model. Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative agent of Johne's disease, a chronic emaciating disease of ruminants that causes enormous economic losses to the bovine industry, globally. However, there are still

A comprehensive review on Phyto-MAP: A novel approach of drug discovery against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis using AYUSH Heritage. Ethnopharmacological relevanceIndian system of Traditional medicine, AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy) has great potential with a History of Safe Use (HOSU) of thousands of medicinal plants included in pharmacopoeias. The multi MAP, leaving surgical removal of intestines as the sole option. Hence, there exists an urgent need to search for leads against such infection. Aim of the studyThe present review has been conducted to find out the ethnopharmacological evidence about the potential of phytoconstituents against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), along with the proposal of a potential phyto-MAP

Immunoinformatics analysis of candidate proteins for controlling bovine paratuberculosis. Paratuberculosis is debilitating chronic enteritis usually characterized by diarrhea, decreased milk production, and progressive cachexia. Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) causes significant economic losses by affecting dairy herds globally. Development of protective vaccines , and non-toxic and possess potent T-cell and B-cell epitopes. Eventually, these protein constructs were docked favorably against TLR4. According to the findings, ht-MAP2191 and ht-FAP-P could be effective protein-based vaccine candidates for paratuberculosis. It should be noted that to examine their efficacy, further in vitro and in vivo experiments are underway.

B cell phenotypes and maturation states in cows naturally infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis. Little is known about the role that B cells play in immune responses to infection with the intracellular pathogen, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). Traditionally, the role of B cells has been constrained to their function as antibody-producing cells, however , antibodies are not thought to play a protective role in mycobacterial infections. The present study was designed to characterize B cell subpopulations as well as activation/maturation states in cattle with paratuberculosis. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from noninfected control cows (n = 8); as well cattle naturally infected with MAP in the subclinical (n = 8) and clinical (n = 7

Cross-sectional survey on Mycobacterium avium Subsp. paratuberculosis in Dromedary Camels: Seroprevalence and risk factors. Johne's disease is a chronic disease with great concern in ruminants and caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). A cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2019 to January 2020 to estimate the prevalence of MAP infection among camels which

Evidence for transfer of maternal antigen specific cellular immunity against Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis via colostrum in a goat twin model. Colostrum intake is one of the most important factors in neonatal health in ruminants, mainly because of its unique immunological properties. Both in practice as well as in research, the attention of lactogenic immunity is focused on the importance of colostral antibodies and less attention is given to the functional role of maternal cells in colostrum. Here we study the transfer of maternal leukocytes via colostrum and the functionality in goat kids. In experiment 1, twenty twin pairs of goat kids from dams previously immunized with an inactivated Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) vaccine were fed maternal colostrum from

The Development and Validation of Anti-paratuberculosis-nocardia Polypeptide Antibody [Anti-pTNP] for the Diagnosis of Crohn's Disease. Non-invasive biomarkers in sera of patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] are not currently available for rapidly and accurately diagnosing the disease. We aimed to investigate and validate the potential roles of anti-paratuberculosis-nocardia

Developing smarter vaccines for paratuberculosis: From early biomarkers to vaccine design. Vaccines for paratuberculosis have been used for over a hundred years but the disease continues to affect ruminant health and livestock industries globally. Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis which causes the disease also known as Johne's disease is a subversive pathogen able to undermine both

Isotype-specific Antibody Responses to Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis Antigens Are Associated With the Use of Biologic Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. The role of Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis [MAP] in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], especially Crohn's disease [CD] is controversial due conflicting results and lack of reproducibility and standardised tests. The current study

Phenotypes of macrophages present in the intestine are impacted by stage of disease in cattle naturally infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Macrophages play an important role in the host immune response to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) infection, however, MAP is able to disrupt normal macrophage functions to avoid destruction. It is unclear whether

Prevalence of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis IS 900 DNA in biopsy tissues from patients with Crohn's disease: histopathological and molecular comparison with Johne's disease in Fars province of Iran. Crohn's disease is a chronic enteritis of humans that affects the gastrointestinal tract, especially the terminal ileum, cecum and colon. The etiology of this disease is still

Effectiveness of an inactivated paratuberculosis vaccine in Iranian sheep flocks using the Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis 316F strain Paratuberculosis (PTb) (John's disease) is an incurable chronic intestinal infection that mainly affects ruminants. PTb is caused by subspecies (MAP) with a global distribution. Despite evidences on MAP contribution in Crohn's disease its causal role

A synthesis of the patho-physiology of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in sheep to inform mathematical modelling of ovine paratuberculosis This literature review of exposure to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in sheep enabled a synthesis of the patho-physiology of ovine paratuberculosis (PTB). These results could be used to inform subsequent modelling

Tuberculosis Detection in Paratuberculosis Vaccinated Calves: New Alternatives against Interference. Paratuberculosis vaccination in cattle has been restricted due to its possible interference with the official diagnostic methods used in tuberculosis eradication programs. To overcome this drawback, new possibilities to detect Mycobacterium bovis infected cattle in paratuberculosis vaccinated animals were studied under experimental conditions. Three groups of 5 calves each were included in the experiment: one paratuberculosis vaccinated group, one paratuberculosis vaccinated and M. bovis infected group and one M. bovis infected group. The performance of the IFN-gamma release assay (IGRA) and the skin test using conventional avian and bovine tuberculins (A- and B-PPD) but also other more

Recombinant 20.8-kDa protein of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis-based sero-diagnosis of paratuberculosis Johne's disease or paratuberculosis is a chronic infectious enteric disease of ruminants caused by the intracellular pathogen. The control of the Johne's disease is hampered by lack of specific diagnostic tests. In this study, we have cloned and expressed the N-terminal region of the locus tag Map 1637c encoding 20.8-kDa (r20.8) protein of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. The recombinant protein r20.8 was expressed in high levels in Escherichia coli. The protein r20.8 was purified by single-step chromatography using Ni-NTA agarose. The protein r20.8 was reacted with anti-r20.8 antibodies as well as cattle sera infected with Map on Western blot. ELISA using well

Responses of Bovine Innate Immunity to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Infection Revealed by Changes in Gene Expression and Levels of MicroRNA. Paratuberculosis in cattle is a chronic granulomatous gastroenteritis caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratubercolosis (MAP) which is endemic worldwide. In dairy herds, it is responsible for huge economic losses. However, current