were the FSH pharmacokinetic parameters, estradiol concentrations, and the number and size of the follicles. FSH after single subcutaneous and intramuscular injections of menotrophin or urofollitrophin attained a systemic peak (maximum) concentration (C ) that was on average consistent throughout the first four studies and ranged from 4.98 to 7.50 IU/L. The area under the plasma concentration-time
The effects of skin-to-skin contact, application site washing, and sunscreen use on the pharmacokinetics of estradiol from a metered-dose transdermal spray. This study evaluated the transfer of estradiol by skin-to-skin contact and the influence of washing and sunscreen use on the absorption of estradiol from a transdermal spray. Studies were conducted in the same group of 20 healthy
Pharmacokinetics of estradiol, free and total estrone, in young women following single intravenous and oral administration of 17 beta-estradiol. The pharmacokinetic parameters of estradiol (E2, CAS 50-28-2), free and total estrone (E1, CAS 53-16-7) were determined in 14 young women following a single oral administration of 2, 4 and 8 mg E2 and a single intravenous administration of 0.3 mg E2
Pharmacokinetics of estradiol and of estrone during repeated transdermal or oral administration of estradiol. The estradiol (CAS 50-28-2, E2) and estrone (CAS 53-16-7, E1) concentrations in blood were investigated during a 3-week twice weekly application of an E2 transdermal patch, or daily oral administration of E2 tablets. The transdermal patch (Dermestril 50, hereinafter called "Patch
Pharmacokinetics of estradiol valerate and medroxyprogesterone acetate in different age groups of postmenopausal women. To study whether ageing affects the pharmacokinetics of estradiol valerate (E2V) or medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in postmenopausal women. Forty-six postmenopausal women from two essentially similar pharmacokinetic studies were divided into three age categories: under 60 was found significant as a continuous variable for AUC and Cmax for MPA but not for estradiol. The results suggest that there would be no significant changes in the pharmacokinetics of estradiol between women under 60 and over 65 years of age. However, a significant trend towards higher MPA concentrations and bioavailability was observed with increasing age. The results suggest that from
Pulsed estrogen therapy: pharmacokinetics of intranasal 17-beta-estradiol (S21400) in postmenopausal women and comparison with oral and transdermal formulations. Pharmacokinetics of estradiol and estrone were assessed in postmenopausal women receiving S21400, a novel 17beta-estradiol formulation administered by nasal route; the results were compared with those obtained with oral and transdermal , the dose of 300 microg gave an estimated 24 h systemic exposure to exogenous estradiol close to that of the 50 microg/day reservoir patch or the 2 mg tablet. The mean estrone to estradiol ratio was similar and 4-fold lower than those with the patch and the tablet, respectively. In conclusion, by this new route for estrogen replacement therapy, the nasal route, the pharmacokinetics of estradiol as S21400
, three-way crossover study compared in 24 healthy postmenopausal women the pharmacokinetics of estradiol after a single 4-day application of Oesclim 50, Oesclim 100, and Vivelle 0.05 (CibaGeneva Pharmaceuticals, Summit, NJ; known as Menorest 50 in Europe, Rhône-Poulenc Rorer) on the upper buttock. Serum estradiol concentrations were determined by a validated radioimmunoassay method from samples taken
Drug concentration effect relationship of estradiol from two matrix transdermal delivery systems: Menorest and Climara. To relate the pharmacokinetics of estradiol to pharmacological effects. Drug concentration effect relationship of estradiol from two matrix transdermal delivery systems, Menorest and Climara, was studied in a single centre, open, randomised, comparative crossover study
[Cross-over comparison of the pharmacokinetics of estradiol during hormone replacement therapy with estradiol valerate or micronized estradiol]. The aim of this randomized cross-over study was the comparison between a sequential 28-day hormone replacement therapy (HRT) using micronized estradiol and a cyclic 21-day HRT using estradiol valerate with regard to the pharmacokinetics of estradiol
Pharmacokinetics of estradiol and of estrone during application of three strengths of an estradiol transdermal patch with active matrix. The pharmacokinetic pattern of estradiol (CAS 50-28-2) and of estrone (CAS 53-16-7) during and after application of three strengths of a new transdermal estradiol patch (Dermestril) with active matrix was investigated in a cross-over study in 24 women in natural
Pharmacokinetics of estradiol and of estrone during application of a new 7-day estradiol transdermal patch with active matrix. The pharmacokinetic patterns of estradiol (CAS 50-28-2) and of estrone (CAS 53-16-7) were investigated in 18 women in natural or surgical menopause during the application of a new estradiol transdermal patch with active matrix and without absorption enhancers designed
Pharmacokinetics of estradiol, progesterone, testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone after transbuccal administration to postmenopausal women. To evaluate the pharmacokinetic profiles of estradiol, progesterone, testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone in postmenopausal women following single and multiple dosing using a troche and the transbuccal route of administration. Each troche contained
Estradiol and estrone plasma levels during application of three strengths of a 7-day estradiol transdermal patch. A new estradiol transdermal patch was developed for a once weekly application, with the aim to achieve an optimum practicability and to improve long-term compliance with estrogen replacement therapy. The pharmacokinetics of estradiol (CAS 50-28-2) and of estrone (CAS 53-16-7) during