"Phenytoin"

Using folic acid and phenytoin safely Using folic acid and phenytoin safely – SPS - Specialist Pharmacy Service – The first stop for professional medicines advice SPS - Specialist Pharmacy Service The first stop for professional medicines advice * About * Log in * Register NHS * Guidance Guidance * Guidance index * COVID-19 * PGDs * Administering * Cautions and contraindications * Dosing of cytotoxics * Aseptic services * Intrathecal administration * Manufacturing and preparation * Unlicensed medicines * Homecare * ATMPs * Clinical Trials * Medical gases * Record keeping * More * Less * Home * Guidance * Interactions Using folic acid and phenytoin safely Published 12 April 2024 Topics: Folic acid · Interactions · Phenytoin Folic acid interacts with phenytoin and can reduce phenytoin blood

Levetiracetam as an alternative to phenytoin for second-line emergency treatment of children with convulsive status epilepticus: the EcLiPSE RCT Levetiracetam as an alternative to phenytoin for second-line emergency treatment of children with convulsive status epilepticus: the EcLiPSE RCT * Text only * * Home * Journals * * Other NIHR research * * For authors * For reviewers * About * * Download report PDF * Download report documents * Download report documents * * Disclosure of interest * * * Download report XML * * Citation Tools * Print * * * * Responses to this report (0) * Permissions information View ProjectThis trial found that levetiracetam was not superior to phenytoin in the time taken to terminate convulsive status

Levetiracetam Compared With Phenytoin Or Fosphenytoin In Benzodiazepine-Refractory Pediatric Status Epilepticus HomeReviewsTherapy (NNT) ReviewsDiagnosis (LR) ReviewsAboutThe NNT, ExplainedThe NNT Rating SystemtheNNT Editorial ProcessThe NNT Intervention QuizAbout theNNT TeamSubmit an articleAccountLoginSign upContactDONATELevetiracetam Compared With Phenytoin Or Fosphenytoin In Benzodiazepine -Refractory Pediatric Status EpilepticusAssociated with similar time to seizure cessation and safety outcomesBenefits in NNTNot applicable (similar efficacy and safety)Harms in NNTNot applicable (similar efficacy and safety)View As: NNT %SourceKlowak JA, Hewitt M, Catenacci V, et al. Levetiracetam versus phenytoin or fosphenytoin for second-line treatment of pediatric status epilepticus: a meta-analysis

Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) Guidelines for CYP2C9 and HLA-B Genotype and Phenytoin Dosing CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS | VOLUME 109 NUMBER 2 | February 2021302Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) Guideline for CYP2C9 and HLA-B Genotypes and Phenytoin Dosing: 2020 UpdateJason H. Karnes1,2, Allan E. Rettie3, Andrew A. Somogyi4, Rachel Huddart5, Alison E. Fohner6,7, Christine M. Formea8, Ming Ta Michael Lee9, Adrian Llerena10, Michelle Whirl-Carrillo5, Teri E. Klein5,11, Elizabeth J. Phillips12, Scott Mintzer13, Andrea Gaedigk14,15, Kelly E. Caudle16 and John T. Callaghan17,*Phenytoin is an antiepileptic drug with a narrow therapeutic index and large interpatient pharmacokinetic variability, partly due to genetic variation in CYP2C9

'Double whammy': An Unusual Co-occurrence of Idiosyncratic phenytoin-induced agranulocytosis and acute liver failure in a pediatric patient. Idiosyncratic adverse events to phenytoin therapy, such as agranulocytosis and acute liver failure, though rare, may be life-threatening. Simultaneous occurrence of both adverse events is exceedingly rare; only two cases have been reported in the literature to date. We describe such a case in a 15-year-old girl. Prompt haematological and hepatic recovery occurred after discontinuation of the drug. Given the widespread use of phenytoin in seizure disorders, clinicians prescribing this drug should be aware of its potential complications. Early recognition can considerably improve outcomes.

Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) Guideline for CYP2C9 and HLA-B Genotypes and Phenytoin Dosing: 2020 Update. Phenytoin is an antiepileptic drug with a narrow therapeutic index and large interpatient pharmacokinetic variability, partly due to genetic variation in CYP2C9. Furthermore, the variant allele HLA-B*15:02 is associated with an increased risk of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in response to phenytoin treatment. We summarize evidence from the published literature supporting these associations and provide therapeutic recommendations for the use of phenytoin based on CYP2C9 and/or HLA-B genotypes (updates on cpicpgx.org).

Pharmacological management of prolonged seizures in Dravet syndrome including intravenous phenytoin. Dravet syndrome (DS) is an infantile onset developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. Sodium channel blockers are known to exacerbate seizures in this syndrome. Due to its high incidence, the management of prolonged seizures is crucial for DS patients. There is still ambiguity regarding the use of intravenous phenytoin for prolonged seizure in DS patients mainly due to the lack of data, raising concern about the safety of it use. We conducted a retrospective study (from January 2009 to January 2020) aiming to assess the management of prolonged seizures in DS with a focus on the use of intravenous phenytoin. Data were collected for patients admitted to our hospital for seizures lasting >5 min. Among

Levetiracetam or Phenytoin as Prophylaxis for Status Epilepticus: Secondary Analysis of the "Approaches and Decisions in Acute Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury Trial" Dataset, 2014-2017. To compare levetiracetam and phenytoin as prophylaxis for the short-term development of status epilepticus (SE) during care of pediatric patients with acute severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Nonprespecified secondary analysis using propensity score matching. We used the Approaches and Decisions in Acute Pediatric TBI Trial (ADAPT NCT04077411) dataset (2014-2017). Patients less than 18 years old with Glasgow Coma Scale Score less than or equal to 8 who received levetiracetam or phenytoin as a prophylactic anticonvulsant therapy. None. Of the 516 total patients who qualified for the case-control study, 372

Phenytoin level ManualsLibraryEducationFoundation My CPDPMy Quick Links My RCPA Advanced SearchHomeEventsNews & MediaPathology CareersPathology UpdateAboutContact UsManuals RCPA Manual Pathology Tests P Phenytoin levelPHENYTOIN LEVELKeywords: Dilantin levelSPECIMEN: 5 mL blood in plain tube.METHOD: Chromatography, immunoassay.THERAPEUTIC INTERVAL: 40-80 µmol/L (10-20 mg/L).APPLICATION

Levetiracetam is a useful alternative to phenytoin in stopping prolonged epileptic seizures in children Levetiracetam is a useful alternative to phenytoin in stopping prolonged epileptic seizures in childrenLevetiracetam is a useful alternative to phenytoin in stopping prolonged epileptic seizures in children Skip to content * Accessibility options: * * Search articles Evidence * About Us ?What did it find?What does current guidance say...What are the implications?Citation and FundingBibliographyMenu * About Us * Browse content * Become a reviewer * Newsletter Sign Up * Contact us * Homepage * > * Alert * > * Levetiracetam is a useful alternative to phenytoin in stopping prolonged epileptic seizures in children Levetiracetam is a useful alternative to phenytoin in stopping prolonged

Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Levetiracetam Versus Phenytoin for Treating the Acute Phase of Neonatal Seizures. Neonatal seizure is a significant problem in this life course, and its timely and effective treatment is crucial. In this study, we compared the efficacy of levetiracetam versus phenytoin for treating the acute phase of neonatal seizures. In this single-blind case-control study , 60 consecutive children with neonatal seizures referred to the Children's medical center in Tehran, Iran, in 2018 were studied. Those neonates who had at least 30 minutes of seizure after Phenobarbital treatment were assigned to receive either phenytoin (20 mg/kg) or levetiracetam (initial dose of 40-60 mg/kg) through block randomization. The efficacy and safety of the two drugs were compared

Comparison of Efficacy and Safety of Levetiracetam Versus Phenytoin for Post-craniotomy Seizure Prophylaxis. Superiority of levetiracetam over phenytoin for postcraniotomy seizure prophylaxis in patients with a supratentorial brain tumor is controversial. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of levetiracetam versus phenytoin for postcraniotomy seizure prophylaxis in supratentorial brain tumor . In a randomized controlled trial study, 80 patients with a supratentorial brain tumor who underwent craniotomy were allocated to levetiracetam or phenytoin group, 40 patients each. Seizure prophylaxis was started 5 days before the surgery and continued until 90 days after surgery. Phenytoin group received 100 mg oral phenytoin 3 times a day. The levetiracetam group received 500 mg oral levetiracetam 2 times

Efficacy of 48 hours dose of phenytoin in prevention of early post-traumatic seizure. Antiseizure medications, such as phenytoin sodium, have been shown in some reports to reduce the incidence of early post-traumatic seizure. These medications, however, are not without side effects which may be dose related or duration related. The risks associated with short-term therapy are minimal and often dose related (and hence avoidable). This study intends to determine the efficacy of a short-course (48-hour dose) of phenytoin in prevention of early post-traumatic seizure. This was a prospective randomised double-blind clinical intervention study. Head injured patients presenting within the first 24 hours were randomly assigned to either 48-hour dose of phenytoin or control groups, and were

Efficacy Of Levetiracetam Versus Phenytoin As A Second-Line Antiepileptic Drug In The Management Of Benzodiazepine-Refractory Status Epilepticus Among Children. Status Epilepticus (SE) is a life-threatening neurological emergency requiring appropriate therapy to terminate seizure activity. SE is managed with supportive measures and ultra-short-acting benzodiazepines. However, limited data is available in the paediatric population regarding the next best option when this fails. This study aimed at finding new data to recommend levetiracetam or phenytoin as the second-line option. One hundred and thirty-seven patients with status epilepticus were randomized into two groups; group-I was given IV Levetiracetam (LEV) at 20 mg/kg/dose over 5 minutes followed by a maintenance dose of 20mg/kg/dose

HLA-B*53:01 is a significant risk factor for liver injury due to phenytoin and other anti-epileptic drugs in African Americans. To investigate HLA alleles associated with anti-epileptics (AEDs) liver injury in African Americans (AA). 21 AA with AED DILI, 176 AA with DILI due to non-AEDs, and 5816 AA population controls were included. HLA-B*53:01 was significantly associated with aromatic AED -DILI (OR: 4.52, 95% CI: 2.42-8.44, P = 1.46x10-5). Phenytoin DILI showed the strongest association with HLA-B*53:01 (OR: 9.17; 95% CI: 3.61 - 23.28, P = 1.1x10-5). The HLA-B*53:01 allele was carried by 8 out of 9 AA phenytoin-DILI cases. HLA-B*53:01 is a significant risk factor for liver injury due to anti-epileptics, particularly phenytoin, in African Americans.

In paediatric patients that present with status epilepticus, following first-line benzodiazepines, how does levetiracetam compare to phenytoin for second line therapy? EcLiPSE - Wiki Journal ClubEcLiPSEFrom Wiki Journal ClubJump to navigationJump to searchPublishedLyttle MD, et al. "Levetiracetam versus phenytoin for second-line treatment of paediatric convulsive status epilepticus (EcLiPSE Funding * 11 Further Reading Clinical QuestionIn paediatric patients that present with status epilepticus, following first-line benzodiazepines, how does levetiracetam compare to phenytoin for second line therapy? Bottom LineThere was no difference for second line therapy with levetiracetam compared to phenytoin and levetiracetam may have advantages such as faster infusion time and fewer adverse effects

Comparison of pharmacokinetics and safety between CE-fosphenytoin sodium, fosphenytoin sodium, and phenytoin sodium after intravenous and intramuscular administration in healthy volunteers. Captisol-enabled-fosphenytoin sodium (CE-fosphenytoin sodium) injection is a modified formulation of fosphenytoin sodium. We aim to compare the intravenous and intramuscular bioavailability and safety between CE-fosphenytoin sodium, fosphenytoin sodium (Cerebyx), and phenytoin sodium (intravenous injection only). In pivotal study 1, 54 subjects were divided into three sequence groups that receive intravenous injection of 250 mg of phenytoin sodium equivalent (PE), CE-fosphenytoin sodium (T), or fosphenytoin sodium (R1) and 250 mg of phenytoin sodium (R2) in period 1. After a 14-day washout period, 36

Among patients with status epilepticus, which antiepileptic (lorazepam, phenobarbital, diazepam+phenytoin, or phenytoin alone) results in the largest proportion of 20 minute seizure termination without recurrence at 1 hour? Veterans Affairs Status Epilepticus Cooperative Study GroupJump to navigationJump to searchPublishedVeterans Affairs Status Epilepticus Cooperative Study Group. "A Comparison ReadingClinical QuestionAmong patients with status epilepticus, which antiepileptic (lorazepam, phenobarbital, diazepam+phenytoin, or phenytoin alone) results in the largest proportion of 20 minute seizure termination without recurrence at 1 hour?Bottom LineAmong patients with status epilepticus, lorazepam, phenobarbital, diazepam+phenytoin, and phenytoin alone were similarly effective, and lorazepam was more

Neonatal Medication Guidelines - Phenytoin Phenytoin | SA Health Phenytoin 100mg/2mL injection, 30mg/5mL oral mixture - SA Neonatal Medication GuidelinesMedication guideline for the management of neonates requiring phenytoinDownloadFalse

A Phenytoin-Induced Ataxia Mimicking a Stroke. Acute ataxia is commonly the chief complaint among patients visiting the emergency department (ED). It has multiple causes including infection and immunity-related, metabolic, vascular, and organic causes. Therefore, treating physicians should consider the severity and timing of onset in relation to the initial screening tests when making of acute ataxia 14 and 4 days previously. She had visited two different hospitals, and undergone two head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans which showed no evidence of a stroke, and had been diagnosed with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) at both hospitals. She underwent a third head MRI during the ED visit, which again revealed no evidence of a stroke. The plasma levels of phenytoin, carbamazepine