"Rifabutin"

Rifabutin-containing Triple Therapy versus Bismuth Quadruple Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Rescue Treatment: A Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial To compare the efficacy and safety of rifabutin-containing triple therapy with bismuth quadruple therapy for rescue treatment of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). This was a non-inferiority study trial of H. pylori treatment for subjects who had failed at least two prior treatments. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive rifabutin triple therapy with 14-day esomeprazole (20 mg bid), amoxicillin (1.0 g bid) and rifabutin (150 mg bid) or bismuth quadruple therapy with esomeprazole (20 mg bid), bismuth (220 mg bid), plus metronidazole (400 mg qid) and tetracycline (500 mg qid). Antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed by agar dilution and E

Population pharmacokinetics of rifabutin among HIV/TB co-infected children on lopinavir/ritonavir-based antiretroviral therapy. In adults requiring protease inhibitor (PI)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART), replacing rifampicin with rifabutin is a preferred option, but there is lack of evidence to guide rifabutin dosing in children, especially with PIs. We aimed to characterize the population pharmacokinetics of rifabutin and 25-O-desacetyl rifabutin (des-rifabutin) in children and optimize its dose. We included children from three age cohorts: (i) <1-year-old cohort and (ii) 1- to 3-year-old cohort, who were ART naïve and received 15- to 20-mg/kg/day rifabutin for 2 weeks followed by lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r)-based ART with 5.0- or 2.5 mg/kg/day rifabutin, respectively, while the (iii) >3-year-old

Rifabutin central nervous system concentrations in a rabbit model of tuberculous meningitis. Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) has a high mortality, possibly due to suboptimal therapy. Drug exposure data of antituberculosis agents in the central nervous system (CNS) are required to develop more effective regimens. Rifabutin is a rifamycin equivalently potent to rifampin in human pulmonary tuberculosis . Here, we show that human-equivalent doses of rifabutin achieved potentially therapeutic exposure in relevant CNS tissues in a rabbit model of TBM, supporting further evaluation in clinical trials.

Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling to predict intragastric rifabutin concentrations in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. Sustained intragastric antibiotic exposure is important for Helicobacter pylori eradication, yet little is known about gastric pharmacology of commonly used H. pylori regimens. For rifabutin, differing intragastric concentration based on dosing regimen may account for differences in reported eradication rates. To compare intragastric rifabutin concentrations between low-dose rifabutin (50 mg three time daily; as in RHB-105) and generically dosed rifabutin 150 mg once daily, 150 mg twice daily, and 300 mg once daily using a validated physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model. We obtained plasma pharmacokinetic data from the RHB-105

Cost-Effectiveness of Vonoprazan-Based and Rifabutin-Based vs. Other Regimens as First-Line Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection in the United States. The economic and clinical implications of eradicating Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) with vonoprazan-based and rifabutin-based regimens vs other existing prepackaged first-line treatment options in the United States are unknown. Therefore , we evaluated the cost-effectiveness of vonoprazan-based and rifabutin-based and other prepackaged regimens for the first-line treatment of H. pylori from the perspective of US healthcare payers. We used the state-transition Markov model to conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of H. pylori eradication with clarithromycin triple, bismuth quadruple, vonoprazan dual, vonoprazan triple, and rifabutin

Using Dynamic Oral Dosing of Rifapentine and Rifabutin to Simulate Exposure Profiles of Long-Acting Formulations in a Mouse Model of Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy. Administration of tuberculosis preventive therapy (TPT) to individuals with latent tuberculosis infection is an important facet of global tuberculosis control. The use of long-acting injectable (LAI) drug formulations may simplify and shorten regimens for this indication. Rifapentine and rifabutin have antituberculosis activity and physiochemical properties suitable for LAI formulation, but there are limited data available for determining the target exposure profiles required for efficacy in TPT regimens. The objective of this study was to determine exposure-activity profiles of rifapentine and rifabutin to inform development of LAI

ADP-ribosylation-resistant rifabutin analogs show improved bactericidal activity against drug-tolerant M. abscessus in caseum surrogate. Necrotic lesions and cavities filled with caseum are a hallmark of mycobacterial pulmonary disease. Bronchocavitary disease is associated with poor treatment outcomes. In caseum surrogate, entered an extended stationary phase showing tolerance to killing by most current antibiotics, suggesting that caseum persisters contribute to the poor performance of available treatments. Novel ADP-ribosylation-resistant rifabutin analogs exhibited bactericidal activity against these persisters at concentrations achievable by rifamycins in caseum.

Molecular characterization of rifabutin-resistance in refractory Helicobacter pylori infection in Taiwan. To explore the molecular characteristics of rpoB, encoding β-subunit of DNA-directed RNA polymerase, and unravel the link to rifabutin-resistance in patients with refractory H. pylori infection. During January 2018-March 2021, a total of 1590 patients were screened for eligibility to participate in the study. Patients with refractory H. pylori infection were confirmed by using the [C]-urea breath assay. All enrolled patients underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), and biopsies were taken for H. pylori culture and antibacterial susceptibility testing (AST). Sequence analysis of rpoB was conducted for all rifabutin-resistant isolates. Seventy patients were diagnosed with refractory H

Pharmacokinetic features of dolutegravir with rifampicin and rifabutin among patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus and tuberculosis/mycobacterium avium complex. Rifamycins are the cornerstone of anti-tuberculosis therapy while they are potent inducers of drug metabolizing enzymes. For the first time, we evaluated the effect of rifampicin (RIF) and rifabutin (RBT

Novel Regimens of Bedaquiline-Pyrazinamide Combined with Moxifloxacin, Rifabutin, Delamanid and/or OPC-167832 in Murine Tuberculosis Models. A recent landmark trial showed a 4-month regimen of rifapentine, pyrazinamide, moxifloxacin, and isoniazid (PZMH) to be noninferior to the 6-month standard of care. Here, two murine models of tuberculosis were used to test whether novel regimens replacing rifapentine and isoniazid with bedaquiline and another drug would maintain or increase the sterilizing activity of the regimen. In BALB/c mice, replacing rifapentine in the PZM backbone with bedaquiline (i.e., BZM) significantly reduced both lung CFU counts after 1 month and the proportion of mice relapsing within 3 months after completing 1.5 months of treatment. The addition of rifabutin to BZM (BZMRb

Rifabutin versus rifampicin bactericidal and antibiofilm activities against clinical strains of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from bone and joint infections. Staphylococci account for approximately 60% of periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs). Rifampicin (RMP) combination therapy is generally considered to be the treatment of choice for staphylococcal PJIs but carries an important risk of adverse events and drug-drug interactions. Rifabutin (RFB) shares many of the properties of rifampicin but causes fewer adverse events. To compare the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC), and the minimum biofilm eradication concentrations (MBEC) of rifabutin and rifampicin for staphylococcal clinical strains isolated from PJIs. 132 clinical strains

The Inappropriateness of Using Rifampicin E-Test to Predict Rifabutin Resistance in Helicobacter pylori. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rifamycin cross-resistance in Helicobacter pylori, and whether the use of rifampicin E-test strips to screen H. pylori rifabutin resistance is appropriate. A total of 89 H. pylori isolates were included. Rifampicin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were obtained by E-test, while the MICs for rifapentine, rifaximin, and rifabutin were determined by agar dilution method. The rifamycin resistance rates based on different breakpoints were compared. Isolates with high-level rifampicin resistance were subjected to whole-genome sequencing. A wide distribution of MICs (mostly in the range 0.125-8 mg/L) was observed for rifampicin, rifapentine

In vitro activity of rifabutin against 293 contemporary carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates and characterization of rifabutin mode of action and resistance mechanisms. Rifabutin, an oral drug approved to treat Mycobacterium avium infections, demonstrated potent activity against Acinetobacter baumannii in nutrient-limited medium enabled by rifabutin cellular uptake through the siderophore receptor FhuE. To determine rifabutin in vitro activity and resistance mechanisms in a large panel of A. baumannii isolates. Two hundred and ninety-three carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii clinical isolates collected from Europe, the USA and Asia during 2017-19 were used for MIC determination. Sequencing/genotyping of fhuE, rpoB and arr-2 genes in isolates with elevated rifabutin

Rifabutin-Based Triple Therapy (RHB-105) for Helicobacter pylori Eradication: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial. Although consensus supports eradication of infections, antimicrobial resistance has substantially reduced eradication rates with most current therapies. To assess the effectiveness of a novel rifabutin-based therapy (RHB-105) for eradication. Phase 3, double-blind trial (ERADICATE Hp2). (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03198507). 55 clinical research sites in the United States. 455 treatment-naive adults with epigastric discomfort and confirmed infection. RHB-105 (amoxicillin, 3 g; omeprazole, 120 mg; and rifabutin, 150 mg) versus active comparator (amoxicillin, 3 g, and omeprazole, 120 mg), given as 4 capsules every 8 hours for 14 days. Between-group difference

Rifabutin triple therapy increased H pylori eradication vs. amoxicillin + omeprazole in treatment-naive patients. Graham DY, Canaan Y, Maher J, et al. Ann Intern Med. 2020;172:795-802. 32365359.

Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Double-Dose Lopinavir/Ritonavir + Rifampin Versus Lopinavir/Ritonavir + Daily Rifabutin for Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Tuberculosis Coinfection. Protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy may be used in resource-limited settings in persons with human immunodeficiency virus and tuberculosis (HIV-TB). Data on safety, pharmacokinetics /pharmacodynamics (PK/PD), and HIV-TB outcomes for lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) used with rifampin (RIF) or rifabutin (RBT) are limited. We randomized adults with HIV-TB from July 2013 to February 2016 to arm A, LPV/r 400 mg/100 mg twice daily + RBT 150 mg/day; arm B, LPV/r 800 mg/200 mg twice daily + RIF 600 mg/day; or arm C, LPV/r 400 mg/100 mg twice daily + raltegravir (RAL) 400 mg twice daily + RBT 150 mg/day

Rifabutin An official website of the United States government Here's how you know Log inAccess keysNCBI HomepageMyNCBI HomepageMain ContentMain NavigationBookshelfSearch databaseBooksAll DatabasesAssemblyBiocollectionsBioProjectBioSampleBooksClinVarConserved DomainsdbGaPdbVarGeneGenomeGEO DataSetsGEO ProfilesGTRHomoloGeneIdentical Protein GroupsMedGenMeSHNLM and EffectsSummary of Use during LactationThe amount of rifabutin in milk is insufficient to treat tuberculosis in the breastfed infant. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and other professional organizations state that breastfeeding should not be discouraged in women taking rifabutin.[1-3] Monitor the infant for signs of liver toxicity. Breastmilk may be stained a brown-orange color.Drug

Tenofovir alafenamide and rifabutin co-administration does not lead to loss of HIV-1 suppression: A retrospective observational study. Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) is a preferred nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in the treatment of HIV. Co-administration of TAF with rifabutin (RFB) is not recommended due to concerns that RFB decreases TAF gastrointestinal absorption. The objective

Rifabutin-Based Triple Therapy Or Bismuth-Based Quadruple Regimen As Rescue Therapies For Helicobacter pylori Infection. H. pylori treatment remains a challenge for clinicians, and a definite quote of patients require two or more treatments. We evaluated the efficacy of rifabutin-based therapy and Pylera® regimen as rescue therapies. Between January 2016 and December 2019, dyspeptic patients with at least one therapeutic failure observed in clinical practice received either a 12-day rifabutin-based triple therapy (esomeprazole 40 mg and amoxicillin 1 g, both twice daily, and rifabutin 150 mg once daily) or 10-day quadruple therapy with Pylera® (three in one capsule containing 140 mg bismuth subcitrate potassium, 125 mg metronidazole and 125 mg tetracycline). The eradication rates according

Pharmacokinetic study of two different rifabutin doses co-administered with lopinavir/ritonavir in African HIV and tuberculosis co-infected adult patients. This study aimed to assess the pharmacokinetic profile of 150 mg rifabutin (RBT) taken every other day (every 48 h) versus 300 mg RBT taken every other day (E.O.D), both in combination with lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r), in adult patients ingestion, all patients had a mycobacterial minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) above the limit (> 64 ng/mL) in the 300 mg RBT arm, while 4/9 patients had such values in the 150 mg RBT arm. This study confirmed that the 150 mg dose of rifabutin ingested EOD in combination with LPV/r is inadequate and could lead to selection of rifamycin-resistant mycobacteria. PACTR201310000629390, 28th October 2013.