"Underweight"

Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults. Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 ) and school-aged children and adolescents (age 5-19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI <18·5 kg/m) and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m). For school-aged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI <2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference) and obesity (BMI >2 SD above the median). From 1990

Current khat (Catha edulis F.) use among Ethiopian women and its association with anemia and underweight: A cross-sectional analysis from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. Chewing fresh leaves of Catha edulis (khat) is a popular pastime activity among Ethiopians where 12% women chew it. Reports show that khat use has been associated with poor nutritional status. This study aimed to determine whether khat chewing is linked to underweight and anemia. We analyzed data from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS). The EDHS used two stage stratified cluster sampling to collected data from 16,650 households. We used data from a total of 15,683 respondents and 1904 respondents who chewed ever chewed khat in their lives. We used Pearson's chi-square, and logistic regression

Exploring the impact of child underweight status on common childhood illnesses among children under five years in Bangladesh along with spatial analysis. In developing countries like Bangladesh, under-five children are mostly experiencing and suffering from common diseases like fever, cough, diarrhea, and acute respiratory infections (ARI). To mitigate these problems, it's crucial to spot , cough, diarrhea, and ARI, respectively. In the fortnight before to the survey, 47.3% (CI: 46.2-48.3) of under-5 children were ill. Common childhood illnesses are associated with children's (age, underweight status, etc.), mothers' (age, education, etc.), and household factors (residency, wealth index, etc.). Underweight status is associated with fever, cough and at least one disease. The unsampled

Underweight predicts extubation failure after planned extubation in intensive care units. Body weight is associated with different physiological changes and the association between weight and mortality in critical care setting had been discussed before. In this study, we investigated the linkage between underweight and post-extubation failure in mechanical ventilated patients in critical setting (interquartile range, 55-80 years) with 65.3% being male; 63.1% of the patients were included from medical ICU. The proportion of extubation failure in our cohort was 7.1% (19/268; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.3-10.9%). Overall, underweight patients had the highest risk of extubation failure (8/50), as compared with normoweight (9/135) and overweight patients (2/83). In the multivariate analysis, being

Prevalence and risk factors of underweight among under-5 children in Bangladesh: Evidence from a countrywide cross-sectional study. Underweight is one of the important anthropometric components of malnutrition among under-five children and is a major public health concern in Bangladesh because it contributes to mortality as well as morbidity. In designing suitable health programs and policies of underweight among under-5 children in Bangladesh considering the latest country representative dataset. The paper considers a weighted sample of size 7762 children are used and data were extracted from the latest Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2017-18 data. Multivariable simultaneous quantile regression models were used to fulfill the objectives of this study. Findings depict

Predictors of underweight among adult patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in Bishoftu general hospital, central Ethiopia: Case-control study. Underweight affects the overall clinical outcome and quality of life and increases the risk of mortalities in Human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients. Though studies have examined the various determinants of being underweight in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV), scanty evidence exists about the influence of dietary diversity scores and dietary counseling on underweight HIV patients in Ethiopia. This study aimed to identify the determinants of being underweight among adult patients receiving antiretroviral therapy at Bishoftu General Hospital, central Ethiopia. An institution-based unmatched

Preconception underweight impact on postnatal osteoporotic fracture: a retrospective cohort study using Japanese claims data. Undernutrition and underweight are osteoporosis risk factors. Therefore, improving the health of underweight young women in Japan is an important medical issue. However, few studies have evaluated the association between being preconception underweight and postnatal osteoporotic fractures in young women. This retrospective cohort study used a Japanese nationwide claims database (JMDC Inc.) to evaluate the effect of preconception underweight on the incidence of osteoporotic fracture within two years after delivery. Data from 16,684 mothers who delivered their first singleton babies between January 2006 and December 2020 were analysed. The combination of disease codes

Safety of fixed-dose heparin titration boluses in underweight patients. At UNC, venous thromboembolism (VTE) patients are treated with a heparin nomogram including fixed-dose titration boluses to correct subtherapeutic heparin correlation values (HCVs). The bolus dose often exceeds the recommended loading dose in underweight patients, therefore raising concern for an increased bleeding risk . This evaluation aims to assess the safety of these titration boluses for underweight patients. Adult patients receiving intravenous heparin for VTE treatment and requiring at least one titration bolus were included. The underweight patients had a body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m while the patients in the control group had a BMI of 18.5-29.9 kg/m. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients

Impact of Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity on Health-Related Quality of Life in Children with Tetralogy of Fallot Variants. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors put patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) at increased risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether body mass index (BMI) is associated with health-related quality of life analyses included non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher exact, and Chi-square tests. Eighty-five patients were included. Twelve were overweight or obese, 57 had a normal BMI, and 16 were underweight. There was a significant difference in age and gender between the groups. Comparing overweight/obese children to those with normal BMI, physical and social functioning were impaired, while emotional

Association between underweight and risk of heart failure in diabetes patients. The risk of heart failure (HF) in underweight diabetes mellitus (DM) patients has rarely been studied. We conducted a cohort study to investigate the association between underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m ) and BMI change over time and the risk of HF in patients with type 2 DM. We utilized the health screening data from the National Health Insurance Service and the Korean National Health Screening database from 2009 to 2012, with follow-up until December 2018. Participants with DM were categorized into four groups based on their BMI at 4 years before study inclusion and BMI at the study entry: (1) Always Normal Weight (BMI at 4 years ago/BMI at study entry ≥18.5/≥18.5 kg/m , reference group); (2) Transitioned to Underweight

Over- and underweighting of extreme values in decisions from sequential samples. People routinely make decisions based on samples of numerical values. A common conclusion from the literature in psychophysics and behavioral economics is that observers subjectively compress magnitudes, such that extreme values have less sway over people's decisions than prescribed by a normative model (underweighting). However, recent studies have reported evidence for anti-compression, that is, the relative overweighting of extreme values. Here, we investigate potential reasons for this discrepancy in findings and propose that it might reflect adaptive responses to different task requirements. We performed a large-scale study ( = 586) of sequential numerical integration, manipulating (a) the task

Risk factors associated with underweight in children aged one to two years: a longitudinal study. Underweight is a prevalent health issue in children. This study aimed to identify factors associated with underweight in children aged 1-2 years in Hamadan city. Unlike the studies conducted in this field, which are cross-sectional and do not provide information on the effect of age changes on underweight, our longitudinal approach provides insights into weight changes over time. On the other hand, this study focuses on the high-risk age group of 1 to 2 years, which has only been addressed in a few studies. In this longitudinal study, 414 mothers with 1 to 2 year-old children referred to the health centers of Hamadan city, whose information is in the SIB system, a comprehensive electronic system

Prevalence and associated risk factors of stunting, wasting/thinness, and underweight among primary school children in Kandahar City, Afghanistan: a cross-sectional analytical study. Undernutrition, which includes stunting, wasting, and underweight, is a global problem, especially among children of low- and middle-income countries. To our knowledge, this study is first of its type from Afghanistan. Its main objectives were to estimate the prevalence and associated risk factors of stunting, wasting/thinness, and underweight among urban primary school children in Kandahar city of Afghanistan. This school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 1205 primary school children aged 6-12 years during a period of six months (October 2022-March 2023). Anthropometric measurements and other

Longitudinal Trajectories of Depressive Symptoms and Their Associations With Risks of Underweight and Obesity in Women: A Population-Based Longitudinal Study in Korea. We explored depressive symptom trajectories and their associations with underweight and obesity in Korean women. This prospective cohort study involved 7,691 women enrolled in the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families , with a follow-up period spanning from 2014 to 2020. Depressive symptoms were evaluated through the 10-item version of the Center of Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Growth mixture modeling was employed to identify trajectories of depressive symptoms. Multinomial logistic regressions were conducted to investigate the correlation between depression trajectories and the evolving risks of underweight

Unlocking the potential: exploring the impact of dolutegravir treatment on body mass index improvement in underweight adults with HIV in Malawi. The introduction of dolutegravir (DTG) in treating HIV has shown enhanced efficacy and tolerability. This study examined changes in weight gain and body mass index (BMI) at 6- and 12-months after post-initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART), comparing % CI: 0.20-0.58), indicating a 67% decreased likelihood compared to the youngest age group 15-24 years. This study highlights the positive impact of DTG-based regimens, revealing significant transitions from underweight to normal BMI categories at 6- and 12-months post-initiation. This study provides insights into weight gain patterns in patients on DTG-based regimens compared with those on non-DTG

Reducing stunting and underweight through mother's birth spacing: evidence from Ghana. Researchers over the years have underscored the role of birth spacing on maternal health, however, inadequate maternal repletion due to shorter birth intervals could also affect the health of the child. Even so, limited studies exist on the linkage between birth spacing and child nutrition. This study examines the association between birth spacing and child stunting and underweight using the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey. The study sourced data on 1, 904 children less than 59 months from the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey. The study employed bivariate analysis and logistic regressions to establish the association between birth spacing, and child stunting and underweight. The analyses reveal

Effect of antenatal use of high energy nutritional supplements on cardio metabolic risk markers in underweight primi gravidas; a randomized controlled trial. Pregnancy is a state of increased metabolic demand, and poor maternal nutrition can exacerbate these changes, potentially increasing the risk of cardiometabolic disorders.This study is significant as it investigates the effect of high energy nutritional supplements on cardio metabolic risk markers in underweight primigravidas. A single blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted from April 2018- August 2019 among the Pakistani tertiary care facilities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. A total of thirty six participants were randomized into two groups receiving either high energy nutritional supplement 'MAAMTA' or Placebo. They were

Underweight among adolescents in Denmark: prevalence, trends (1998-2018), and association of underweight with socioeconomic status. Underweight among adolescents is an important clinical and public health issue. It is associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life-span and may reflect food poverty, unhealthy eating habits, or some underlying health conditions. To study prevalence and trends in underweight among adolescents 1998-2018, to examine social inequality in underweight, and whether social inequality changed over time. Data were derived from 6 cross-sectional school surveys from The Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study in Denmark. The study included 11-, 13-, and 15-year-old schoolchildren in random samples of schools in 1998, 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014, and 2018 (n

Underweight, overweight or obesity, diabetes, and hypertension in Bangladesh, 2004 to 2018. Bangladesh is experiencing a nutrition transition with an increase in the double burden of malnutrition and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This study sought to: 1) examine trends and differences in underweight, overweight/obesity, hypertension and diabetes by gender, area of residence, and wealth identified determinants and estimated drivers of changes in outcomes using regression-based decomposition. Between 2004 and 2018, underweight prevalence decreased in both women (33% to 12%) and men (26% to 18%), whereas overweight/obesity increased (17% to 49% in women and 21% to 34% in men). Hypertension also increased in both women (31% to 44%) and men (19% to 33%) while diabetes changed marginally (11

Body Mass Index and Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty: Does Cause for Revision Vary by Underweight or Obese Status? Body mass index (BMI) impacts risk for revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA), but the relationship between BMI and cause for revision remains unclear. We hypothesized that patients in different BMI classes would have disparate risk for causes of rTKA. There were 171,856 patients who underwent rTKA from 2006 to 2020 from a national database. Patients were classified as underweight (BMI<19), normal-weight, overweight/obese (BMI 25 to 39.9), or morbidly obese (BMI>40). Multivariable logistic regressions adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, payer status, hospital geographic setting, and comorbidities were used to examine the effect of BMI on risk